1. Schizoaffective Disorder What is it? How does it affect the person diagnosed? How is it dealt with? What is it? How does it affect the person diagnosed? How is it dealt with? Alexandra Chapman 8 th period

2. What is Schizoaffective Disorder?  A mental disorder that consists of Schizophrenia and a mood disorder (bipolar or depression)  No known cause, genetics and chemical environment of the brain may be involved  Rare in children  Women > Men  Affects 1/100  schizophrenia + depression = schizoaffective disorder schizophrenia + (depression + mania) = schizoaffective disorder To understand this disorder we must first understand what schizophrenia and the most common mood disorder experienced with schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, is.  A mental disorder that consists of Schizophrenia and a mood disorder (bipolar or depression)  No known cause, genetics and chemical environment of the brain may be involved  Rare in children  Women > Men  Affects 1/100  schizophrenia + depression = schizoaffective disorder schizophrenia + (depression + mania) = schizoaffective disorder To understand this disorder we must first understand what schizophrenia and the most common mood disorder experienced with schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, is.

3. Schizophrenia How does Schizophrenia answer those 3 questions?

4. What is Schizophrenia?  A serious mental disorder that: confuses fantasy and reality, makes it hard to think clearly, makes expressing emotions hard, and makes acting normally in a social setting hard  Not absolute sure of cause but genes play a role  Women = Men  Signs in teen years or young adulthood; women’s signs appear later  Childhood schizophrenia is rare, starts after age 5, hard to defer from other things like autism  Schizophrenics are NOT all violent people  Most lead somewhat normal lives  1% of Americans suffer from  A serious mental disorder that: confuses fantasy and reality, makes it hard to think clearly, makes expressing emotions hard, and makes acting normally in a social setting hard  Not absolute sure of cause but genes play a role  Women = Men  Signs in teen years or young adulthood; women’s signs appear later  Childhood schizophrenia is rare, starts after age 5, hard to defer from other things like autism  Schizophrenics are NOT all violent people  Most lead somewhat normal lives  1% of Americans suffer from

5. Symptoms of Schizophrenia How does it affect the person diagnosed? There are three types: positive, negative, and cognitive

6. Positive Symptoms (Psychotic Symptoms)  Hallucinations (hearing, seeing, smelling, feeling things that are not there that no one else does)  Delusions (strongly held false beliefs)  Disorganized thinking patterns (can’t organize or express thoughts logically)  Paranoia (delusions of persecution [ someone is out to hurt them])  Agitated body movements (repeat certain movements uncontrollably or no body response)  Hallucinations (hearing, seeing, smelling, feeling things that are not there that no one else does)  Delusions (strongly held false beliefs)  Disorganized thinking patterns (can’t organize or express thoughts logically)  Paranoia (delusions of persecution [ someone is out to hurt them])  Agitated body movements (repeat certain movements uncontrollably or no body response)

7. Negative Symptoms (Behavioral Disruptions)  Monotone voice  Little to no movement in face or body when speaking  Lack of motivation  Lack of happiness  Very little speech  Neglecting of basic hygiene  Laziness  Monotone voice  Little to no movement in face or body when speaking  Lack of motivation  Lack of happiness  Very little speech  Neglecting of basic hygiene  Laziness

8. Cognitive Symptoms (Mental Abilities)  Trouble understanding info needed to make decisions (choices)  Trouble focusing, staying attentive, and/or concentrating  Trouble applying learned information  Trouble understanding info needed to make decisions (choices)  Trouble focusing, staying attentive, and/or concentrating  Trouble applying learned information

9. “Treatment” This is a life-long disease so there is no cure.

10. How is it dealt with? Antipsychotic Medications  Side Effects include: restlessness, weight gain, sleepiness, dizziness, tremors, slowed movements  Long term use can lead to dyskinesia (repetition of certain movements uncontrollably) Support Programs and Therapy  Can lead to: physical illness, substance abuse, or suicide/suicidal behavior Antipsychotic Medications  Side Effects include: restlessness, weight gain, sleepiness, dizziness, tremors, slowed movements  Long term use can lead to dyskinesia (repetition of certain movements uncontrollably) Support Programs and Therapy  Can lead to: physical illness, substance abuse, or suicide/suicidal behavior

11. Bipolar Disorder How does this disorder answer those three questions?

12. What is Bipolar Disorder?  A mood disorder where a person has extreme, abnormal periods (episodes) of severe depression and/or severe mania  Not exactly sure of cause but they think the brain’s chemical environment and genetics play a role  Women = Men  Starts ages 15-25  High risk of suicide and substance abuse  Depressive episodes < Manic episodes  Childbirth, insomnia, drug use, and antidepressants/steroids can trigger a manic episode  A mood disorder where a person has extreme, abnormal periods (episodes) of severe depression and/or severe mania  Not exactly sure of cause but they think the brain’s chemical environment and genetics play a role  Women = Men  Starts ages 15-25  High risk of suicide and substance abuse  Depressive episodes < Manic episodes  Childbirth, insomnia, drug use, and antidepressants/steroids can trigger a manic episode

13. Types of Bipolar Disorder Normal Major Depressive Mania Mild Depression Hypomania Bipolar I Disorder Bipolar II Disorder Cyclothymia

14. Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder How does it affect the person diagnosed? What are the symptoms of a manic and a depressive episode?

15. Manic Symptoms  Easily distracted  Bad temper  Bad judgment  Lack of need for sleep  Lack of self-control  Elevated mood  Reckless behavior  Irritable  Fast and excessive speech  Very involved  Easily distracted  Bad temper  Bad judgment  Lack of need for sleep  Lack of self-control  Elevated mood  Reckless behavior  Irritable  Fast and excessive speech  Very involved

16. Depressive Symptoms  Downed mood; sad  Eating problems  Difficulty concentrating and focusing  Difficulty making decisions and remembering things  Fatigue  Feeling worthless, hopeless, or guilty  Lowered self-esteem  Loss of pleasure  Suicidal thoughts or behavior  Over-sleeping or insomnia  Isolation  Downed mood; sad  Eating problems  Difficulty concentrating and focusing  Difficulty making decisions and remembering things  Fatigue  Feeling worthless, hopeless, or guilty  Lowered self-esteem  Loss of pleasure  Suicidal thoughts or behavior  Over-sleeping or insomnia  Isolation

17. “Treatment” This is a life-long disorder with no cure

18. How is it dealt with? Part I The goals of treatment:  Decrease severity of episodes  Decrease frequency of episodes  Prevent self-harm  Prevent suicide  Help function well “normally” daily The goals of treatment:  Decrease severity of episodes  Decrease frequency of episodes  Prevent self-harm  Prevent suicide  Help function well “normally” daily

19. How is it dealt with? Part II 2 Types of medicines used  1 st - mood stabilizers to “avoid” mood swings  2 nd - antipsychotics and antidepressants Other cases  May be hospitalized in severe episodes  Stay until mood is stable and behavior is controlled 2 Types of medicines used  1 st - mood stabilizers to “avoid” mood swings  2 nd - antipsychotics and antidepressants Other cases  May be hospitalized in severe episodes  Stay until mood is stable and behavior is controlled

20. Schizoaffective Disorder Now that we know what it consists of, how does it answer our two remaining questions?

21. Quick Review In case you forgot about what Schizoaffective Disorder is…  A mental disorder that includes schizophrenia and a mood disorder  schizophrenia + depression = schizoaffective disorder  schizophrenia + (depression + mania) = schizoaffective disorder In case you forgot about what Schizoaffective Disorder is…  A mental disorder that includes schizophrenia and a mood disorder  schizophrenia + depression = schizoaffective disorder  schizophrenia + (depression + mania) = schizoaffective disorder

22. Symptoms of Schizoaffective Disorder How does it affect the person diagnosed?

23. Symptoms  Many of those in common with symptoms of Schizophrenia (psychosis)  Extreme mood disturbances  Many in common with bipolar symptoms  Psychosis symptoms solely must be experienced for at least 2 weeks Things that can mimic these symptoms but are NOT Schizoaffective Disorder  Seizure disorders  Steroid medications  Drug abuse  Many of those in common with symptoms of Schizophrenia (psychosis)  Extreme mood disturbances  Many in common with bipolar symptoms  Psychosis symptoms solely must be experienced for at least 2 weeks Things that can mimic these symptoms but are NOT Schizoaffective Disorder  Seizure disorders  Steroid medications  Drug abuse

24. “Treatment” Like Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia, this is a life-long disease

25. How is it dealt with? Treatment options  Antipsychotic medications  Antidepressant medications  Mood stabilizing medicines  Speech therapy  Talk therapy  Group therapy  Work training/support Treatment complications  Drug abuse  Medication/therapy problems Treatment options  Antipsychotic medications  Antidepressant medications  Mood stabilizing medicines  Speech therapy  Talk therapy  Group therapy  Work training/support Treatment complications  Drug abuse  Medication/therapy problems

26. Thank you! We will now proceed to going over the notes handout as a class.