2. An-Najah National University Faculty of science
Physics Department
" Effect of electric field and magnetic workers
in the electricity generating stations"
Prepared by:
Yomna Malalha
Supervisor:
Prof. Issam Alashqer

3. Abstract
I've been in this research study the effect of the electric magnetic field in the workers power plants and the people in general .
I have noticed that the impact of the electromagnetic field may be harmful in some cases may cause many diseases such as cancer steoporosis, miscarriage and a defect in the DNA of the tumor ear and hearing impairment the sight and tension and
premature aging.

4. Definition
Electromagnetic fields consist of electric field and a magnetic field perpendicular to each other. Usually prescribed These areas to the extent and direction.
Figure 1

5. Electromagnetic radiation or electromagnetic waves all carry the
same meaning When the physicist to talk about a special part of the
electromagnetic spectrum, such as visible light and microwave and X-ray and gamma rays and radio and television waves are all a ray known as electromagnetic radiation all of which have the same characteristics but differ in wavelength and frequency ,note that , When the wavelength increases, frequency decreases.

7. Electromagnetic waves consist of electric and magnetic fields volatile, RFID Directly with biological systems such as human cells, animals and plants. And so that we can understand these interactions Better, they need to know on the physical properties of the waves that make us the electromagnetic spectrum

8. ’’ Their physical and biological impact ’’
EMF waves are launched at 300 thousand kilometers per second and carry energy called Photons, and these areas consist of two spreading in two orthogonal directions of the electric field and magnetic field and stems of the photon in the direction perpendicular to the directions, and can be describe of electromagnetic waves by wave length or frequency or energy. And these three factors associated relations with each other, each of which plays a certain role in the impact area electromagnetic biological system.
Estimated according to the photon energy and frequency calculated relationship*.
E = H*F
H: Planck's constant F: Frequency E: Energy.

9. 1) Ionizing radiation. Types : Speed = frequency * Wavelength
the speed of electromagnetic radiation with a frequency and wavelength of the equation**.
Speed = frequency * Wavelength
Types :
1) Ionizing radiation.
((X-rays, gamma
Non-ionizing radiation. (2
Visible light, ultraviolet, and infrared, radio-frequency and short-wave (microwave).

10. Ionizing radiation
1 - very low frequency ELF: is less than 300 Hz, and the main source of these frequencies is the electric power transmission lines and appliances and all electrical appliances and equipment that operate an electric power source with a frequency of hertz.
2 - medium frequencies: 300 Hz -10 MHz and called intermediate frequencies.
3 - higher frequencies: 10 GHz -300 GHz

11. 1) Brain disease and cancer
Some diseases
1) Brain disease and cancer
Complaint concentrated exposure to electromagnetic radiation in the chronic headaches and tension, terror, and abnormal emotions , and Premature aging frustration, a sense of the temporary effects of forgetfulness and inability to concentrate and increase stress and after exposure the level of electromagnetic radiation 10 m watts / cm 2, and named those symptoms psychological changes.

12. 2) Leukemia and pregnant abortion
Reach a large number of scientists after experiments and scientific studies that long approach from the field of electricity causes high rates of leukemia and brain tumors and pregnant abortion. It also proved to be infected with human weakness in his sight if working for long periods in front of the various display screens.
In this regard, a series of studies conducted in the United States late seventies and early eighties of women who were working on computers in the United States has gone to Canada and found a link between abortion and exposure to electromagnetic field caused by these screens.
As well as the study was conducted at the University of Pittsburgh in the United States concluded that the potential rate of mortality in the aluminum factory workers contracting leukemia and lymphoma is five times the normal rate.

13. 3) Sexual dysfunction
4) Effect on DNA
The study said that the destruction of DNA genes holder would lead to catastrophic diseases such as cancer, study reports that older cells are more sensitive to low-frequency waves from power lines
Because the genetic repair system loses its effectiveness with age so the elderly are more vulnerable to the risk of these waves.
Figure 3

14. 5) Effect on the spinal cord, which affects on your red and white blood cells and your brain and reproductive system

15. Results
There are no proven health damage as a result of exposure to electromagnetic radiation of less than 0.5 W / cm 2, but that exposure to higher levels of these larger doses may lead to the emergence of many symptoms, including:
1 - General symptoms: include fatigue, headaches and tension.
2 - symptoms membership: and appear in the brain and nervous system causing lower rates of mental focus and behavioral changes and frustration, and organic and symptoms appear in the visual system and the cardiovascular system and the immune system

16. Methods for measuring the doses that can be borne by the body of electro-magnetic waves
I) Specific Absorption Rate : Is defined as the amount of energy absorbed by one kg of material per second .
II) Power Intensity : Is defined as the amount of energy that falls on a unit area per second unit Measurement her (m watts / cm 2).
Accordingly, the only health effect that can result from exposure to electromagnetic waves is the only thermal effect, where it causes high body temperature for more than 0.1 degrees Celsius, a rise scrawny body can tolerate..

17. 1 - increases the absorption of this electrical energy, increase vibrations radiation.
2 - increases the amount of radiation absorption increase the exposure period, are also affected by this amount to the kind worn fabrics;, where he works each unlike the
waves.
3 - Increase the movement of air around the body reduces the effect of radiation.
4 - increasing the impact of radiation increase the humidity in the air.
5 - effects of radiation increase the ambient temperature.
6 - The effect of radiation in the organs or tissues in which less than the amount of blood in general, such as the eye.
7 - Less Age increased the body's absorption of radiation; quantity absorbed by the child is greater than absorbed by an adult.

18. Prevention
The preventive measures mostly revolve around reducing the duration of exposure to these areas and put insulators that reduce the severity of, and in this regard must do the following:
Maintain adequate distance between the person and electrical appliances.
Studies have shown that whenever we were closer to electrical appliances and power plants was the intensity of the electric field and magnetic largest and therefore the probability of damage largest following figure shows the relationship between the intensity of the electromagnetic field and the distance.

19. Figure 4
15 cm distance between the person and the hair dryer.
Use insulation to block or reduce the electromagnetic field generated by electric cables.
place the alarm clock and watch electrical distance of 1.5 meters.

20. B in m gaus

21. R. S. Williams, "University Physics", California press,1988
References:
References:
R. S. Williams, "University Physics", California press,1988
M. Schwartz, "Information, Transmission, Modulation and Noise", McGraw-Hill press,1978.
Ahmed Nasser al-Libi, "electromagnetic waves and their impact on humans and the environment," University of Benghazi, Libya.
Site research firm Informa
Site and the British Ministry of Health
Al-Sabah Studies site www. Siironlne.org
World Health Organization (WHO)
An extensive study on the impact of electromagnetic waves on the health Rights ( A. D.Nabil Kazim Abdul-Sahib. D. Omar Ali adab) Khwarizmi College of Engineering University of Baghdad, Baghdad