2.  lived during a time period in which there were varying cultural and political ideas and many social conflicts (Empiricism: The Influence of Francis Bacon, John Locke, and David Hume)  attended Trinity College, Cambridge, and at Gray’s Inn (Francis Bacon (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy))  1577-1578: went to Paris and his father died (Francis Bacon (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy))  left with financial problems so he entered the House of Commons (Francis Bacon (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy))  tried to make revisions for the new system of sciences, but were too lofty (Francis Bacon (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy))  Queen Elizabeth and Lord Burghley did not approve of these reforms. (Francis Bacon (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy))

3.  went into law and became a Parliamentarian (Francis Bacon (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy))  1593: forced to become a patron of the Earl of Essex (Francis Bacon (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy))  1610: became one of James I knights (Francis Bacon (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy))  1607: appointed Solicitor General (Francis Bacon (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy))  1613: appointed Attorney General (Francis Bacon (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy))  1616: became a member of the Privy Council (Francis Bacon (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy))  1617: entered into the House of Lords and became Lord Keeper of the Great Seal (Francis Bacon (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy))  1618: appointed Lord Chancellor and Baron of Verulam (Francis Bacon (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy))

4.  the same year that he was named Viscount of St. Albans, he was impeached for his corruption as a judge (Francis Bacon (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy))  was found to be the scapegoat to the Duke of Buckingham from public anger and aggression (Francis Bacon (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy))  In losing all of his political offices, he ended his life with his work in philosophy (Francis Bacon (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy))

5.  Aristotle’s philosophy had axioms for each scientific discipline, but Bacon thought he was lacking a principle or theory of science (Francis Bacon (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)) - axiom= a truth that doesn’t need any proof  1620: wrote Novum Organum, to propose a new way of thinking about the world based on direct experience (Ways of Knowing: How We Choose What We Believe)  The book was ultimately an outline for his scientific method (Ways of Knowing: How We Choose What We Believe)  talks about the distortions that the mind introduces (Ways of Knowing: How We Choose What We Believe)

6.  our mind wants to put order in the universe and so it will unconsciously add order (Ways of Knowing: How We Choose What We Believe)  four categories of distortions (Ways of Knowing: How We Choose What We Believe) - ones that are common to the human tribe all together (idols of the tribe) - ones that are apply more to one group than another (idols of the cave) - ones that come about from our unclear use of words (idols of the marketplace) - ones that are caused by the variation in philosophies and world visions that people follow (idols of the theater)

7.  Idols of the Tribe: in the desire to see more order everyone will suffer (Ways of Knowing: How We Choose What We Believe)  Idols of the Caves: while some people are attracts to new ideas, some people are drawn to more traditional ideas. (Ways of Knowing: How We Choose What We Believe)  Idols of the Marketplace: when describing the world in a way that we talk in regular conversation we can have serious misapprehensions (Ways of Knowing: How We Choose What We Believe)  Idols of the Theater: we interpret the world through our view and it’s easier to see others doing it than ourselves. (Ways of Knowing: How We Choose What We Believe)

8.  came about from his desire to form progressive areas of certainty (Golden)  rejected the commonly used inductive method and said that we should derive “axioms from the senses and particular, rising by a gradual and unbroken ascent, so that it arrives at the most general axioms last of all” (Golden)  could lead to conclusions that are not reliable or valid (Golden)  thought that human beings paid much more attention to events that are successful than to those that have failed (Myers, 2004)

9.  empiricists, who believed that knowledge comes from our senses and experiences. (Myers, 2004)  helped to form the study of the mind and how it works (Empiricism: The Influence of Francis Bacon, John Locke, and David Hume)  empiricism influenced psychology today how it is a science that studies human behavior through observation and experiment (Empiricism: The Influence of Francis Bacon, John Locke, and David Hume)  John Locke continued on the research of Francis Bacon (Empiricism: The Influence of Francis Bacon, John Locke, and David Hume)

10.  lived during a time where Civil War resulting from poverty and religious and social divides  1632: got into Oxford University, which his father probably helped(Cranston, 1957)  early ideas were to “enquire into the original certainty and extent of human knowledge” and started with the Essay Concerning Human Understanding(Cranston, 1957)  claims that certain acts have been said to be innate, but only because people caught recall where they learned it and that all ideas come from experience (Cranston, 1957)  “all knowledge is founded on and ultimately derives itself from sense, or something analogous to it, which may be called sensation” (Cranston, 1957)

11.  feels all ideas come from some sort of sensation (Cranston, 1957)  calls an idea that object of understanding and that there are two types of ideas (Cranston, 1957) - simple ideas: that are received through thought - complex ideas: that are produced by using your mind’s powers  In perception, an important part of the sensation model, there are three elements (Cranston, 1957) - the observer - the idea - the object

12.  ideas are based on what we think is always an idea and that there are three different types of knowledge (Cranston, 1957) - intuitive: the mind sees agreement or disagreement with ideas without influence from other ideas - demonstrative: knowledge received from the proposing of other ideas - sensitive: which is in front of our senses at any time  Anything not within one of these criteria is not knowledge, in Locke’s opinion, instead is faith or opinion (Cranston, 1957)

13.  If a man will begin with certainties, he shall end in doubts, but if he will content to begin with doubts, he shall end in certainties. - Francis Bacon  No man's knowledge here can go beyond his experience. - John Locke

14.  "Axiom | Define Axiom at Dictionary.com." Dictionary.com | Free Online Dictionary for English Definitions. Web. 14 Feb. 2011..  Cranston, M. John Locke: A biography. London: Longman’s Green & Co. 1957.  “Empiricism: The Influence of Francis Bacon, John Locke, and David Hume.” SBC Psychology. Web. 13 Feb. 2011..  “Francis Bacon (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy).” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Web. 13 Feb. 2011..  Golden, James L. The Rhetoric of Western Thought: From the Mediterranean World to the Global Setting. 8 th ed. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt, 2003. Print.  Myers, D. Psychology.7 th ed. Michigan: Hope College. 2004.  Ways of Knowing: How We Choose What We Believe. Web. 13 Feb. 2011..