1. GROUP 4 PROJECT: CHINA’S CO 2 EMISSIONS – PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION Group 16: Ally Shin, Brian Wong, Stephanie Woo, & Tim Tse

2. THE QUESTION  If you were to return to any period in history…  Where would you go?  When in history would you return?  What changes would you make to bring about a change in our current environemtnal or technological state?

3. THE QUESTION (CONT.)  pollution and energy consumption, specifically transportation  alternative methods of transportation  go back in time to the 80’s in China  government is capable of making harsh policies and long term targets  booming economy  change in China would have great impact on the world

4. CHINA

5. CHINA’S CURRENT TRAFFIC & POLLUTION ISSUES  population over 1.3 billion  traffic jams, especially during rush hour  Increasing private car ownership rate

6. CHINA’S CURRENT TRAFFIC & POLLUTION ISSUES (CONT.)L  China = largest producer of CO 2 emissions in world (6.54 thousand metric tons per year)  water pollution affects 90% of cities  public health problems  respiratory problems affect 760,000 people every year  increased rate of asthma  air pollution = cause of 400,000 premature deaths & 75 million asthma attacks per year

7. DATA – CHINA’S CO 2 EMISSIONS IN SINCE 1960

8. CHINA’S CURRENT SITUATION  different cities in China currently working to promote different modes of transport to reduce traffic congestion and pollution  E-bikes  expanding subway lines  new regulations enforced by gov’t to reduce traffic congestion  Major issues with public transport  not quality of travel, but rather the overcrowded public transport

9. CLIMATE CHANGE  burning fossil fuels have caused a spike in atmospheric concentrations of gases such as CO 2, methane, nitrous oxide, & halocarbons  greenhouse gases warm Earth’s surface, contributing to greenhouse effect

10. CLIMATE CHANGE (CONT.)

11. TALK WITH INTERNATIONAL CONTACT  got in touch with an expert in the field  Dr. Joe Zhao has the following qualifications:  PhD in environmental engineering  Master’s of Science in Biological Wastewater Treatment Engineering  Bachelo’rs in Civil Engineering  20 years’ working experience in fields of institutional reform & environmental engineering in China, UK, Canada, Hong Kong SAR, & S.E. Asian countries  onsite wastewater management, water resource management, project assessment  currently works for international agencies such as:  World Bank Group  ADB  EIB  and BC provincial gov’t

12. TALK WITH INTERNATIONAL CONTACT (CONT.)  Dr. Joe Zhao’s World Bank project  purification of Coke Oven Gas (COG) to produce Liquefied Natural Gases (LNG)  to be used to replace gasoline for buses and reduce CO 2 emissions  currently used by China’s clean air buses Coke Oven Gas (COG) purification plant China’s Clean Air Buses

13. OUR CHANGE  emphasize implementation of Chinese gov’t’s stated support for public transport  Steady investment in public transport  propose to implement 3D straddling bus

14. TIMELEAP TO THE 80’S…  Chinese gov’t established policy that public transport should be dominant role in urban passenger transport in urban areas  limited implementation and effectiveness

15. THE 3D EXPRESS COACH  designed by Youzhou Song of Shenzhen Hashi Future Parking Equipment  spans width of 2 traffic lanes  any vehicle under 2m high will be able to pass under it  Carries up to 1200 passengers  Proposed by Chinese gov’t in May 2010 in Beijing

16. THE 3D EXPRESS COACH (CONT.)  Have a look at this video that describes the bus’ functionality and how China intends to implement their use to reduce urban traffic: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hv 8_W2PA0rQ&feature=related

17. NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF OUR CHANGE  Accidents?  Derailing?  Allocation of resources towards public transport could lead towards:  Weaker Economy?  Low effectiveness?

18. POSITIVE EFFECTS OF OUR CHANGE  Developers more encouraged to invent new forms of transport to reduce GHG emissions  Health problems as a result of China’s air pollution would be reduced  Harmful substances in air would decrease significantly  Reduce traffic congestion & release of car emissions  Reduce global warming

19.  Check our blog for additional information and our bibliography: ibgroup4o16.wordpress.com  Thanks for listening! Ally, Brian, Steff, & Tim That’s right, we’re IB students… don’t judge.

20. END