1. Legal Issues Affecting Farm Transitions IFMAPS In-service training - April 26, 2013 Dr. Shannon FerrellDr. Rodney Jones Oklahoma State University Department of Agricultural Economics Assistant Professor, Agricultural Law OK Cooperative Extension Service Area Extension Agricultural Economics Specialist

2. Outline Elements Tools Barriers Conclusions

3. Why should I care? Founding Generation Second Generation Third Generation Fourth Generation 30% 12% 3%

4. Iowa Farmland Ownership by Age Source: Iowa State University Extension (Duffy and Smith, 2008) 55%

5. Challenges for the Aging Farm Owner

6. Perspectives for the closely-held farm business Family Legacy Business Assets

7. Why should I care?

8. 3x to 4x Poverty rate of widows compared to same-age married women

9. Why should I care? 55% Percentage of U.S. adults with no estate plan in place

10. Elements of Transition FounderSuccessor

11. Elements of Transition Founder On-farm heir Off-farm heir Unrelated Successor Liquidation / Dissolution Ownership Control Participation Separate Entity

12. Elements of Transition Founder On-farm heir Off-farm heir Unrelated Successor Liquidation / Dissolution Ownership Control Participation Separate Entity

13. Elements of Transition Founder On-farm heir Off-farm heir Unrelated Successor Liquidation / Dissolution Ownership Control Participation Separate Entity

14. Estate Tools

15. Estate Tools - Others

16. Ownership Tools

17. Business Entities

19. Transactional Tools

20. Barriers – Tax Policy

21. The State of the Federal Estate Tax 2013 estate tax credit: –$5,250,000 per individual with annual inflation adjustment –$10,500,000 effective credit per couple –40% maximum rate

22. “Spousal Portability” Surviving spouse gets unused portion of first decedent’s credit Carter and Barbara: husband and wife Carter dies, uses $3 million of his credit Barbara’s estate can pass $7.5 million (her $5.25 million credit + Carter’s unused $2.25 million credit) estate tax-free.

23. Barriers to Implementation Communication Equitable considerations –Farm kid / city kid –Sweat equity Willingness to transfer

24. Perspectives for the closely-held farm business Family Legacy Business Assets

25. Conclusions Producers, we can transfer it. We have the technology. Do producers and professionals understand the tools and their impacts? Are producers willing to engage in true transitions?

26. THANKS! Dr. Shannon L. Ferrell OSU Department of Agricultural Economics shannon.l.ferrell@okstate.edu