1. The Hip Hop Subculture “Rap is something you do, Hip Hop is something you live”~ KRS-One

2. Hip Hop Manifests via... Communication and Expression/style (re)Claiming space Appropriation of text and technology Social justice Class and racial inequities – Lack of resources Youth identity formation Opposition to dominant culture (subculture?) – Anti-Disco? Competition Postindustrialization

3. The 4 Elements DJing Breaking=physical manifestation of hip hop Bombing/Writing=communication through NYC...subways and trains as SCREENS Emceeing Beatboxing? Fashion? Vernacular?

4. Caribbean Influence Jamaican Sound System Sound Clash Dub Music=Version Toasting=Rap Selectah=DJ DJ=MC

5. Rose Hip hop is a bi-product of: – Deindustrialization – Gentrification/Urban Renewal – City bankruptcy – Class gaps – Limited means Hip hop is about: – Fame/Status, Style/Identity, Appropriation/Critique Via Style, Turf, Competition

6. Rose Cont'd “Hip hop remains a never-ending battle for status, prestige, and group adoration, always in formation, always contested, and never fully achieved” (p. 36) Hip Hop's stylistic continuities: – 1) FLOW – 2) Layering – 3) Ruptures in line

8. Bricolage and Incorporation Hebdige Subculture: The Meaning of Style (1979) Important theory of subcultural style – Style challenges hegemony – Bricolage=taking everyday items and invert their meaning; objects as a medium Subcultures “Incorporated” into mainstream through “recuperation”: – Commodified form: subcultural signs into mass consumable objects – Ideological form: deviant behaviors are normalized

9. DJ Kool Herc Father of Hip Hop From Kingston Brought sound clash/system aesthetics to urban America and flipped it Gave “jams”, first one Aug. 11, 1973 at 1520 Sedgwick Ave (Cedar Park) “Merry go round” technique using the break or “get down” part of a record

10. Herc Cont'd Herculoids=Herc's crew Became biggest DJ in Bronx Known for his powerful system, the Herculords DJs battled for territories 1974 ish, Coke La Rock grabs the mic – ^First Emcee

11. Jams

12. Afrika Bambaataa Former Black Spade Started the Universal Zulu Nation “Master of Records” and “Godfather” of hip hop First DJ to get accepted in the “downtown” new wave/punk scene First to call all 4 elements “hip hop”

13. Grandmaster Flash Innovator and “inventor” of techniques Retrofitting technology Musical collage through “cutting” 2 of the same records (re)Composition

14. NYC Blackout of '77 Most of NYC has no power for one day Significant for 2 reasons to hip hop: – 1) It brought a TON of media attention, mostly negative, to the South Bronx This attention would eventually shine on hip hop – 2) Much of the looting happened at stereo stores and clubs. Within days there were new DJ/MC crews with nice equipment DEMOCRACY because of ACCESS!!!