1. THE ROARING TWENTIES

2. Post World War I  Standard of living increased for most  Americans abandoned small towns in exchange for urban living  Economy prospered as Americans tried to forget troubles of war - frivolous spending - illegal liquor - immorality

3. MAJOR CHANGES IN EVERYDAY LIFE  Military technologies  Civilian life  Mass production – automation  Automobiles – Model T Automobile industry spawns other “side industries: -Gas STATIONS -MOTELS -HIGHWAYS

5. Cultural Changes of the1920’s  RADIO –Although print media was popular, radio was the most powerful communications medium to emerge in the 1920s –News was delivered faster and to a larger audience –Americans could hear the voice of the president or listen to the World Series live –“Golden Age” of radio, similar to TV today to TV today

6. Movies  Originally silent black and white –Called “movies” because the pictures moved  Added sound, became “talkies”

7. Music  “Jazz Age” (a term invented by Fitzgerald himself)  Jazz = “sophisticated and hip, but morally corrupting and rebellious”  Many jazz artists were minorities – not appreciated by White establishment  Louis Armstrong, Duke Ellington, W.C. Handy (blues)

8. Louis Armstrong Duke Ellington Statue of W.C. Handy in Memphis

9. THE HARLEM RENAISSANCE  Between 1910 and 1920, the Great Migration saw hundreds of thousands of African Americans move north to big cities  Harlem, NY (over 40%) became the largest black urban community  Harlem suffered from overcrowding, unemployment and poverty  However, in the 1920s it was home to a literary and artistic revival known as the Harlem Renaissance

10. Literature – “Harlem Renaissance” Langston Hughes (far left) Claude McKay Zora Neale Hurston Their Eyes Were Watching God Home to Harlem

11. Marcus Garvey Dorothy West Richard Wright

12. Social: DANCE  Extravagant dances, dance contests  “Breakaway”  “Charleston”  “Lindy Hop”

13. Role of Women  1920 – 19 th Amendment (women’s suffrage) Men lost in WWI – women work to replace income Flappers – “new breed of women”

14. Flappers  A Flapper was a liberated young woman who embraced the new fashions and urban attitudes  Short skirts, short hair  Listened to jazz  Flaunted “traditional” gender roles  Acted “unwomanly” by older standards –Wore makeup –Drank hard liquor –Smoked –Played sports (golf – Babe Didrickson Zaharias)

15. Flappers

16. PROHIBITION  Probably the single most important influence on behavior of people in the 20’s  18 th Amendment (VOLSTEAD ACT)– banned sale or consumption of liquor in U.S.  Intention: Limit social ills caused by drinking Prohibition lasted from 1920 to 1933 when it was repealed by the 21 st Amendment

17. “Prohibition: The Noble Experiment”

18. “Black Tuesday” – 10/29/29  Complete crash of stock market  Worldwide depression, millions of people out of work  Brings Roaring 20’s to abrupt end

19. The Great Depression – 1930’s

20.  1933 – Prohibition repealed (21 st Amendment)  1941 – World War II Aftermath