1. HOW IRISH SURNAMES CHANGE
Diploma in Family History
HOW IRISH SURNAMES CHANGE

2. IRISH SURNAME FORMATION

3. NORMAN- IRISH SURNAME FORMATION

4. NORMAN- IRISH SURNAME FORMATION

5. SURNAME EVOLUTION 17th & 18th centuries New surnames (McGillicuddy)
Collapse of Gaelic:
Transliteration
Translation & pseudo-translation
Transposition
English surnames

6. TRANSLITERATION Mac Conmara - MacNamara
Ó Mongabháin - Mongavan/Mugavan
Ó Téacháin - Teehan/Teahon
Ó Siocfhradha - Sugrue

7. TRANSLATION Ó Cléirigh - Clarke Mac Gabhann - Smith
Mac Con Uisce/Ó Tuairisc - Waters
Mac an tSionnaigh - Fox
Mac an Dhéaghanaigh - Deane, Bird

8. TRANSPOSITION Ó h-Arrachtáin/ Ó h-Iongardail: Harrington
Ó Brolacháin: Bradley
Ó Connagáin: Cunningham
Mac Iolracháin: Eagleton
Mac Giolla Fhionntáin: Clinton

9. SURNAME EVOLUTION 1850s: O’Brien 44%, Brien/Bryan 56%
19th & 20th centuries
O & Mac
1850s: O’Brien 44%, Brien/Bryan 56%
1890: O’Brien, 63% Brien/Bryan 37%
2004: O’Brien: 95% Brien/Bryan 5%

10. SURNAME EVOLUTION 19th & 20th centuries
1850s: McDermott 92%, Dermott 8%
1890: McDermott, 97% Dermott 3%
2004: McDermott, 100% Dermott 0%

11. SURNAME EVOLUTION 19th & 20th centuries
1850s: McKiernan 32%, Kiernan 68%
1890: McKiernan, 28% Kiernan 72%
2004: McKiernan, 9% Kiernan 91%

12. LOCALISED SURNAMES
Tansy
Scahill
Mungovan
Sugrue
Buggy
…….

13. HUNTING SURNAME VARIANTS
Vowels mutate much more than consonants
Accents live in vowels
Names gravitate towards the familiar
Everything changes

14. FREEMEN OF THE CITY OF DUBLIN

15. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH
Variants, variants and more variants
Localised surnames
Changes in North America
Continued evolution (Cahill/Mahony)

16. SURNAME VARIANT SYSTEMS
Soundex (widespread)
Namex:
irishorigins.com

17. SURNAME VARIANT SYSTEMS
Ad-hoc:
SURNAME VARIANT SYSTEMS
Family Search.com
Roots Ireland.ie
Irish Times.com/ancestor

18. SURNAME VARIANT EXAMPLES
Bermingham
Bermingham, Birmingham, Brimagem, Brimigan, , Bemingham, Bermigham, Bermyngham, Birmingane, Bremchan, Bremicham, Bremidgham, Bremigem, Bremigham, Bremingham, Brermingham, Brimegam, Brimegem, Brimeiam, Brimengham, Brimgham, Brimicombe, Brimidgham, Brimigham, Brimingam, Brimingham, Brimingjam, Briminjam, Brimisham, Bromagem, Bromegan, Bromegem, Brumagem, Brumagen, Brumegam, Brumigen, Brumigham, Brumingham, Brummegen, Brummingham

19. SURNAME VARIANT EXAMPLES
Loughlin
O'Loghlen , O'Loghlin , O'Loughlin , McLoughlin , McGloughlan , McLoghlin , Loughlin , Laughlin , McLaughlan , Loughlan , McGloughlin , McLoughlan , McLaughlin , Ó Lochlainn, Laghlen, Laghlin, Laughlen, Laughlon, Lawhlan, Leghlan, Leighlin, Loahlan, Lochlin, Locklin, Locklon, Loghlan, Loghlane, Louchlin, Loughlane, Loughlen, Loughling, Louglin, M'Loclin, Mac Lachlainn, Mac Laghlan, Mac Lochlainn, Mac Lochlinn, Mac Loclainn, MacClaughlin, MacCloughlin, MacGlaughlin, MacGloughlin, MacLachlan, MacLauchlan, MacLauchlin, MacLaughlan, MacLaughlin, MacLochlainn, MacLoclainn, MacLoghlin, MacLoughlan, MacLoughlen, MacLoughlin, Macklaughlan, Macklaughlin, Maclaghlan, Maclauglen, Mag Lachlainn, Mag Lochlainn, Maglaughlin, Magloughlen, McClaughlen, McClaughlin, McCloughlin, McGlacland, McGlaughlan, McGlaughlin, McGlochlin, McGlocklan, McGlocklin, McGloghlan, McGloghlin, McGlouclan, McGlouglan, McLachlan, McLacklen, McLaughlann, McLaughlen, McLeighlin, McLoghlan, McLoglin, McLoughlinn, McLouglin, Mcglaghlen, Mcglouglin, Meglaughin, Megleughlin, Megloughlin, O Lochlainn, O Loughlin, O'Laughlin, O'Lochlain, O'Loghlan, O'Loughlan, O'Loughlen, O'Melaghlin