1. Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte (1818—1848)

2. A. Introduction 1. Background on the Brontes a. The father b. The kids—Charlotte, Branwell, Anne, and Emily c. 1826—Angria (five years work)

3. A. Introduction (continued) d. Gondal—Emily’s imaginary world (rebels) e. Yorkshire—wild weather, wild landscape f. Three sisters all publish (under male pseudonyms, Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell)—early deaths

4. A. Introduction 2. The Romantic Mind a. Early 1800s—new way of seeing and understanding the world  subjective, emotional, imagination, energy b. Nature as the expression of expression of the forces of the universe  God

5. A. Introduction C. rebellion against reason  The Imagination—the key to understanding To see a World in a Grain of Sand And a Heaven in a Wild Flower, Hold Infinity in the palm of your hand And Eternity in an hour.

6. A. Introduction D. The Byronic Hero

7. B. The Narration 1. Two filters a. Mr. Lockwood b. Nelly Dean

8. B. Narration (continued) 2. Method forces (spirit, love, soul, passion)  Physical Manifestations  Physical Manifestations  Nelly (eyewitness)  Lockwood (understands little)  Reader 3. Covers 30 years (1771—1802) and three generations generations

9. B. Narration 4. Use of: diary (chapter 2) letters letters narration within narration narration within narration (chapter 17— Isabella) 5. There is no objective truth —only a series of —only a series of subjective pieces

10. C. Structure 1. Two main parts: last meeting with Cathy Heathcliff’s motivation for revenge Heathcliff’s Revenge

11. C. Structure (see chronological handout) 2. Shakespearean Structure III Act I: Introduction—childhoods II IV Act I: Introduction—childhoods II IV Act II: Hindley’s abuse I V Cathy’s marriage Cathy’s marriage Heathcliff leaves and returns Act III: Climax—last meeting and Cathy’s death Cathy’s death Act IV: Heathcliff’s Revenge on the children Act V: Heathcliff’s reconcilliaton, reunion with Catherine; love of Catherine and Catherine; love of Catherine andHareton

12. D. Major Themes 1. The love theme Nature vs Civilization NaturalEarthyPassionatePhysical Destructive ? Real (?) CivilProtectedOrderlyKindCaring Artificial (?)

13. D. Major Themes 2. Psychological Level individual’s (Catherine’s) battle between (passion, nature, sensuality) and the super-ego individual’s (Catherine’s) battle between the id (passion, nature, sensuality) and the super-ego (civilization, order, tenderness) tenderness)

14. D. Major Themes 3. The social themes a. Marxist level: class, society, money, “ownership” of the lands 1. the “civilized” world is repressive,artificial 2. the natural world is real, powerful, alive, subline

15. D. Major Themes b. Moral theme: love and revenge 1. evil against Heathcliff (his motivation? thrown into lovelessness) 2. Heathcliff’s revenge is cosmic in scope—not just against Hindley/Linton thru Hareton/Cathy but:

16. D. Major Themes (psychological) --Revenge against the past through the future --Revenge against the class system through the takeover of the houses

17. D. Major Themes 4. Universal Level of Themes a. illusion vs. reality SurfaceappearanceTranscendentreal Physical Spiritual (soul) Sublime

18. D. Major Themes b. Organized religion vs true spirituality man-made vs nature

19. D. Major Themes c. Life after Death in spirit through children

20. Major Themes 5. The Two Great Social Forces: Nature vs Civilization

21. E. Setting: Worlds of Contrast (see map) 1. The Houses: Wuthering Heights Thrushcross Grange Moors Moors

22. E. Setting: Worlds of Contrast 2. The Moors: The natural world a.b.c.

23. E. Setting: Worlds of Contrast 3. the weather: sympathetic nature a.b.

24. E. Setting: Worlds of Contrast 4. the Kirkyard 5. Penistone Crags

25. F. Characters (see family charts) 1. Mr./Mrs Earnshaw: 2. Mr. Mrs. Linton 3. Catherine Earnshaw: 4. Heathcliff:

26. F. Characters (see family charts) 5. Edgar Linton: 6. Isabella Linton Heathcliff: 7. Hindley Earnshaw 8. Hareton Earnshaw:

27. F. Characters (see family charts) 9. Cathy Linton Heathcliff: 10. Linton Heathcliff: 11. Joseph:

28. F. Characters (see family charts) 12. The spirit lives on in the Children Theme a. The journey of Catherine Catherine Linton Catherine Earnshaw Cathy Linton Catherine Earnshaw (2) Catherine Heathcliff Social Studies is cool

29. F. Characters (see family charts) b. The journey of Hareton Mr. Earnshaw Hareton Earnshaw (1500) Hareton Earnshaw Hindley Earnshaw

30. G. Art and Style of WH 1. Imagery a. Animal a. Elements a. Weather

31. G. Art and Style of WH 2. symbolism a. Characters b. Setting c. Books d. Nature e. References to heaven, hell and the devil H. Final thoughts on Wuthering Heights