1. Studying Geography, Economics, and Citizenship
Chapter 2

2. Studying Geography Chapter 2.1
Geography – the study of the surface of the earth.
Geographer- someone who studies the surface of the earth

3. 5 Themes of Geography

4. Geographers use maps and globes to study the Earth

5. Hemispheres
The Earth is divided in to “half spheres” called hemispheres.
The Northern and Southern hemisphere is divided by the equator.

6. The Eastern and Western hemisphere is divided by the Prime Meridian.

7. Which two hemispheres do you live in?

8. Latitude and Longitude Lines
Latitude and Longitude Rap

9. Latitude Lines
Latitude lines are imaginary lines that run parallel to the Equator and run east and west. They measure distance north and south of the Equator in degrees.

10. Longitude Lines
Longitude lines are imaginary lines that are parallel to the Prime Meridian and run north and south. They measure the distance east and west of the Prime Meridian.

11. Latitude and Longitude lines form an imaginary grid of lines all around the world. Your GPS reads these lines to give you your exact location on earth.

12. Types of Maps
Physical Maps Political Maps

13. Physical Map
Physical maps show land and water features.

14. Political Maps
Political Maps show names and borders of countries.

15. Special-purpose maps
Special-purpose maps show patterns such as climate, natural resources, or population.

16. Parts of a Map

17. Compass Rose- shows direction

18. Map Scale-measures distance on a map

19. Cardinal directions-north, south, east and west

20. Population and culture
Migration-movement of people from one place to settle in another place
What can cause groups of people to move from one place to another?

21. Culture
Culture is the set of beliefs, behaviors, and traits shared by the members of a group.

22. Exploring Economics Chapter 2.2
Economics relating to the process or system by which goods and services are produced, sold, and bought

23. Supply
Supply is the amount of a good or service that a producer wants to sell

24. Demand
Demand is the amount of something that a consumer wants to buy.

25. Law of Supply and Demand
Law of supply and demand says that the lower the price of a good or service, the more of it people will want to buy!

26. Trade in World History
Imports are goods and services that a country buys from other countries
Exports are goods shipped out of a country and sold somewhere else

27. Barter Economies
Barter economy- trading of goods and services for other goods and services

28. Market Economy
Market Economy- people use MONEY to buy and sell goods

29. Trade Routes

30. Practicing Citizenship Chapter 2.3
Government- a system by which a group of people rule themselves

31. Social Hierarchy
Social Hierarchy is the organization of groups within a culture in order of importance
RSMS
Superintendent
Mr. Treadway
teachers
students

32. Monarchy Monarchy is a government ruled by a king or queen
Example of monarchy: Great Britain

33. Theocracy Theocracy is a government ruled by God or by a god
Examples: Vatican City and Ira

34. Dictatorship
Dictatorship-a form of government where one person has absolute power
Example: Cuba, Germany under Hitler

35. Oligarchy
Oligarchy is a type of government that ruled is by a small group
Example: Ancient Greece

36. Representative Government
Representative Government or Republic- is a government where citizens elect officials to govern
Example: United States of America, ancient Rome

37. Checks and Balances
Checks and Balances a system in which each branch of government limits the power of another branch