1. Assessing person-centredness: the Person-centred Practice Index by Dr Paul Slater

2. Background  Person-centred Practice  Evidence relating to Person-centred Practice  A dearth of psychometrically acceptable instruments to measure Person-centred Practice

3. Background  The Proxy measures: PCNI/PCCI tools measured: 1.Work Stress 2.Job Satisfaction 3.Organisational Traits 4.Perceptions of caring  Proxy measures – not direct measures

4. Background Summary  Need to develop a tool that effectively measures person-centred practice  Establish the psychometric properties of the instrument

5. PCPI Development  Instrument Design: 5 Stage Process 1.Exploration of Theoretical Principles 2.Mapping to sample (Delphi technique) 3.Questionnaire development 4.Testing for reliability and validity 5.Amendment and acceptance

6. Person-centred Practice Framework (PCPF)

7. Delphi Technique Two stages: 1.To gain agreement on the 17 definitions of PCPF 2.Gain consensus on questionnaire items aligned to the definitions

8. Delphi Technique  Definitions generated  Sample: International Expert Panel (n = 36) 1.Recognised Expert in the field 2.At least one publication in area 3.Willing to participate 4.Expert in questionnaire development (stage II only)

9. Delphi Technique Definition rated on 4-point Likert scale Consensus achieved at  80% (Keeney et al 2011)  Median of 3.25 (Green 1982)  Accepted definitions removed at each round

10. Consensus  Round 1 - 11 definitions accepted (n = 26)  Round 2 – 2 definitions accepted (n = 21)  Round 3 – 4 definitions accepted (n = 19)

11. Item generation 108 potential items generated  PCPRG and Expert Panel (Research Week)  5-point Likert Scale  “How well the items accurately measure the definition”  Response rate n = 26  14 items removed:

12. The Person-centred Practice Index (PCPI)  Maps directly to PCPF  Comprises 94 closed question items  Measuring 17 Constructs  Rated on 5-point Likert Scale

13. The Person-centred Practice Index (PCPI)  Currently testing psychometric properties: Large scale study in 4 Trusts Registered Nurses Finalise instrument items  Initial findings very encouraging Strong measures of reliability and validity Questionnaire available Nov 2013