1. INTRODUCTION TO CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, THIRD CANADIAN EDITION by John Hunsley and Catherine M. Lee
Chapter 2

2. Overview Questions Activities of clinical psychologists
Employment settings
Prescriptive authority
Canadian Code of Ethics
Staying healthy
Training in clinical psychology
Accreditation, Licensure, & the MRA
For next class..

3. Activities of clinical psychologists
Assessment
Intervention
Research
Clinical supervision
Administration

4. Assessment
Will be covered in detail in Weeks XXX
Large % of clinical psychologists engage in assessment
Over a quarter of professional time devoted to assessment
May focus on individual, couple, or family
May address many different types of questions
Multi-method approach
Integrates diverse data
What would it be like to spend almost a day a week doing psychological assessments?
Instructor to add weeks when assessment is covered

5. Intervention
Will be covered in Weeks XXX
Professional activity engaged in by highest percentage of clinical psychologists
Largest % of professional time devoted to intervention
Many clients attend only a few sessions
What would it be like to spend over 40% of your work week helping people with their problems?
Instructor to add weeks when intervention will be covered

6. Research
Will be covered in each class and especially in Week X
Almost half engage in research
For many conducting research is only small part of workday
Can clinical psychology be a science-based profession, if clinical psychologists spend so little time conducting research?
If there will be a class devoted to chapter 4, this could be noted here

7. Clinical Supervision Almost half engage in supervision
Model of supervision reflects model of supervisor
Very little research on what makes a good supervisor

8. Administration Does this figure surprise you?
Almost half psychologists spend some of their time in administration
Does this figure surprise you?
Are there ways that a clinical psychologist can apply clinical skills in administration?

9. Your ideal career…. ??
Can ask students to work individually or in groups to discuss the activities they would like to have as part of their professional life

10. Where do clinical psychologists work?
Hospitals
Community clinics
Residential clinics
Child protection agencies
Prisons
Family practice
Private mental health practice
Universities

11. Prescriptive authority
Pro
Con
Brain-behaviour links
Psychologists could be as competent as other health-care providers
Offer comprehensive services
Especially helpful in remote or underserved areas
May lead to greater prescribing as it is quicker in short-term
Psychologists should focus only on psychological interventions
Extend training or drop something else?

12. If psychologists do not prescribe medication, what should they know about it?
Classes of drugs for different problems
Efficacy of drugs and of drugs in combination with psychological treatment
Side-effects

13. Canadian Code of Ethics for Psychologists
Sets out principles that should guide all activities
Requires psychologists to base their practice on scientific evidence
Evidence may not address the specific issue you are working with
How can psychologists use science to tailor their work to meet the needs of an individual person, couple, or family?

14. Staying healthy Why is it important for clinical psychologists?
Not immune
Exposed to suffering and stressors
Ethical responsibility to ensure own issues do not interfere
Credible model of coping
How do they do it?
Balance
Priorities
Consultation
Time management

15. Training in Clinical Psychology
Most popular area in psychology
Highly competitive
All accredited programs are required to present data on their applicants and students

16. Clinical Program Statistics
If desired, instructors can show the statistics on students that all accredited programs are required to post or on the program at their own university

17. Models of training in clinical psychology
Practice based on scientific findings
Require clinical skills
Continuum—research producer to research consumer
In Canada all accredited training programs are university-based
In US PsyD is also offered in large free-standing professional schools
Scientist practitioner: PhD
Most common
Balance of science and practice
Clinical scientist: PhD
Strongest focus on the development of research skills
Practitioner scholar: Psy.D.
Clinical psychologist as ‘research consumer’

18. Clinical psychology training
Courses:
Statistics; research methods; core content areas of psychology: biological, cognitive, social, individual differences
Assessment, Intervention, Consultation, Program evaluation
Diversity
Practica
Graduated exposure to clinical skills in a variety of settings
Research
MA + PhD or PsyD vs combined masters and doctorate
Large single study, versus series of smaller studies
Internship
2000 hours fulltime in accredited setting

19. Choosing a health profession
How do you want to spend your time as a professional?
What proportion of your time do you want to spend in direct service provision?
Are you interested in training, supervising and administration?
How long do you want to spend in training?
Where would you like to work on the continuum from research producer to research consumer?

20. Are you eligible for clinical psychology training?
Honours thesis: Your experience in conducting research
Psychology credits: The background knowledge you have gained
GPA: Your academic achievement and likelihood of getting a scholarship to fund your studies

21. Applying to grad programs in clinical psychology
Finding out
Websites
CPA lists
professors
Contacting potential supervisors
CV & transcript
Questions: availability; areas of research; expectations of students
Applying
CV, transcript
Letters of support

22. Potential supervisors
What areas interest you? Age? Population? Problem?
Are there populations you do not want to work with
What are your long-term goals?
What type of supervisor would be the best match for you?

23. Volunteer experience Valuable learning for you
Can be in community agency or research lab
May help you identify what interests and does not interest you
If in research lab may be helpful in getting letter of reference

24. Coping with the application
Equivalent to a three-credit course in time required
Odds of acceptance are low even for excellent candidates
Many successful candidates have applied several times
Essential that you:
Have a ‘plan B’
Do not take the rejection personally

25. Accreditation What is it? Why is it important?
How does it affect students?

26. Protecting students and protecting the public
Accreditation
Licensure
Of programs and internships
Self-study
Site visit
Panel decision
By national (CPA or APA), or provincial (OPQ) body
Limited term
Annual fee
Of individuals
Degree
Supervised practice
Jurisprudence exam
EPPP
Continuing education
Annual fee

27. Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP)
Biological (12%)
Cognitive-affective (13%)
Social-cultural (12%)
Growth-life span (12%)
Assessment & diagnosis (14%)
Treatment, intervention, prevention & supervision (14%)
Research methods & statistics (8%)
Ethical/Professional/Legal (15%)
225 items— pre-test
Purely ‘clinical’ is only = 48%

28. Mutual Recognition Agreement 2000 & 2004
Agreement between ten provincial licensing association, plus government of NWT
Core competencies
Interpersonal relationships
Assessment & Evaluation
Consultation & intervention
Research
Ethics
Supervision

29. For next class….

30. Copyright Notice
Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted by Access Copyright (The Canadian Copyright Licensing Agency) is unlawful. Requests for further information should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. The purchaser may make back-up copies for his or her own use only and not for distribution or resale. The author and the publisher assume no responsibility for errors, omissions, or damages caused by the use of these programs or from the use of the information contained herein.
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