1. Graphene-Based Polymer Composites and Their Applications Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 52: 319–331, 2013 Zachary Palmer, Kendall Wright, Charlie Chirino, Daniel Irvin

2. Composites of Graphene Figure: Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 52: 319–331, 2013

3. Applications of Graphene Figure: Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 52: 319–331, 2013

4. What is Graphene? Hexagonal pattern of carbon atoms One-atom thick sheet Graphite is made up of flakes of graphene – Graphite Figure http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphite -Graphene Figure http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphene

5. Special Properties of Graphene the quantum Hall effect (QHE) high carrier mobility at room temperature (10,000 cm2) large theoretical specific surface area (2630 m2) good optical transparency (97.7%) high Young’s modulus (1 Tpa) excellent conductivity (3000– 5000 Wm-1 K-1) Figurehttps://www.google.com/search?q=young's+modulus

6. More Properties Thermal Conductivity – Greater than that of Diamond and Carbon nanotubes Mechanical Properties – High Young’s Modulus = Very Strong – Very lightweight 1 square meter weighs.77mg https://www.google.com/search?thermoconductivity

7. Graphene Production First produced using masking tape – press adhesive tape onto a chunk of graphite and pull: this peels off a thin flake of grey-black carbon – Then repeatedly stick the carbon- covered tape against itself and peel away: the carbon flake breaks up further into thin, faint fragments, each hundreds of micrometers across. Exfoliating Growing Producing large quantities of Graphene is currently one issue faced by scientist Figure: http://www.nature.com.lib- ezproxy.tamu.edu:2048/nature/journal/v483/n7389_supp/full/483S32a.ht ml

8. Figurehttp://www.nature.com.lib- ezproxy.tamu.edu:2048/nature/journal/v483/n7389_supp/full/483S32a.html

9. Figure: Polymer-http://www.nature.com.lib- ezproxy.tamu.edu:2048/nature/journal/v483/n7389_supp/full/483S32a.html

10. Preparing the Composites In Situ Intercalative Polymerization Solution Intercalation Melt Intercalation Figure: Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 52: 319–331, 2013

11. List of Composites Figure: Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 52: 319–331, 2013

12. Effects of Graphene Additives to Polymers Polyaniline/Graphene – Increased capacitance

13. Continued: Effects of Adding Graphene to Common Polymers Epoxy/Graphene- Composite strengthens the thermal conductivity of the common adhesive Epoxy. Bolsters abilities to be used as thermal interface Poly Styrene/Graphene Introduction of Graphene improves electrical conductivity and expands uses. Figure: Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 52: 319–331, 2013

14. Continued: Effects of Adding Graphene to Common Polymers Poly Urethane/Graphene Addition of Graphene into pure polyurethane increases conductivity by 10^5 Polycarbonate (PC)/Graphene Increases tinsel strength and expands its uses in physically demanding applications Increases electrial conductivity Figure: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphene

15. Continued: Effects of Adding Graphene to Common Polymers Nafion/Graphene Nanocomposite Nafion is usually used in the production of electrodes. When combined with Graphene the sensitivity and stablity increases. Figure:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/ S0956566311000571

16. Into to Applications Figure: Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 52: 319–331, 2013

17. Electronic Device Applications Graphene based polymers have been used in liquid crystal devices, light emitting diodes and electrodes for dye sensitized solar cells Liquid Crystal Device https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/LED,_5mm.org

18. Electronic Device Applications Cont. Graphene/polymer composites have applications in transparent conducting films These are in Solar cells, Touch screens and flat panel display Figure: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/LED,_5mm,_gre en_(en).svg/220px-LED,_5mm,_green_(en).svg.png

19. Application in Energy Storage Green Cells by combining graphene with two promising polymer cathode materials, poly- (anthraquinonyl sulfide) and polyimide researchers have improved the efficiency of lithium batteries Figure: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/LED,_5mm,_green_(en).svg/220px- LED,_5mm,_green_(en).svg.png

20. Application in Energy Storage Supercapacitor or Ultracapacitor Graphene derivatives and conducting polymers are combined and used as the hybrid type of super capacitor The added graphene gives astounding energy density to these ultracapacitors. Graphene coated silicon disk Figure: CNX.org/1feinbke/34mnbkd

21. Into to Applications as sensors Basic Bio Sensor Figure: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphene_nanoribbons http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphene_nanoribbons

22. Application in Sensors Graphene can be used in multiple kinds of sensors – pH – Pressure – Temperature Studies show exceptional sensitivity when graphene is employed Figure: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphene

23. Biomedical Applications Graphene was first used in medical applications in 2008. Graphene based nanomaterials have been used in drug delivery and cancer therapy just to name a few Figure http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphene

24. Use in Cancer Therapy Toxicity of nanomaterials deployed for cancer treatment is a major dilemma facing advancement. PEG-Funtionalization graphene nanomaterials have negligible in vitro toxicity which deployed. Figure: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/LED,_5mm,_green_(en).svg/220px- LED,_5mm,_green_(en).svg.png

25. Conclusion Graphene-based polymer nanocomposites represent one of the most technologically promising developments to emerge from the interface of graphene-based materials. There are many engineering challenges that still remain, but with proper research we can utilize graphene materials to their full potential.