1. T HE L AWS OF D ISRUPTION - I NFORMATION L IFE Lela E. Mayfield

2. http://www.youtube.com/wat ch?v=eZAAZ7iXN-o

3. L AW S EVEN - C OPYRIGHT Content producers are fighting hard to protect their ideas Mark Helprin argues that artists and writers are treated unfairly because the rights to their work expires 70 years after their death, then becomes part of public domain. Consumers are fighting harder to distribute those ideas John Tehranian states that everyday we are always committing copyright “violations.”

4. W HY NOT C OPYRIGHT F OREVER ? Information ownership can be divided nearly infinitely Nearly impossible to decipher generations after who inherited the copyrights to authors’ works.

5. Majority of copyrights assigned to big corporations i.e. Disney and Viacom Consumers argue that in making this a one-sided legal battle corporations are using “scare tactics against teenagers illegally downloading.”

6. G OVERNMENT AND C ORPORATIONS Digital technology makes information easily and quickly dispensable to the masses Digital Millennium Copyrights Act (1998) Criminalized the circumvention of technologies that limit how and by whom licensed digital copies can be enjoyed.

7. T HE P ARADOX Copyright was originally intended for the purpose of spreading information However, currently this information is being disseminated via a ‘closed’ infrastructure that today is associated with copyright laws.

8. R EFORM IT ! Set realistic time limits Restore concept of Fair Use Undo damage by DMCA

9. M Y QUESTION Since digital information is constantly transforming has the Law of Disruption broken the already fragile copyright laws, or were they already broken? “Copy-left” Movement: https://www.pirateparty.ca/about

10. L AW E IGHT -P ATENTS Exclusive set of rights given to an inventor for a fixed amount of time (20 years in U.S. and most European countries) Once patent expires, it becomes part of the public domain Like copyrights, patents give the inventor time to cover the costs of their work

11. R EQUIREMENTS Patentable subject matter Utility Novelty Nonobviousness Description and enablement

12. P ROBLEMS IN THE PATENT SYSTEM Explosion in technological innovation has led to sudden increase in patent applications Congress beginning patent reform with the Patent Reform Act Effort stalled by two large communities: information technology and biological technology

13. P ROTECT THOSE P ATENTS Cross-licensing- to avoid risks of patent abuse, companies will trade good and bad patents with each other ex. Samsung Sony Patent Trusts Defensive cartels that buy unused patents to keep them from the hands of “patent trolls.” ex. Verizon, Google, HP

14. B USINESS -M ETHOD P ATENTS Innovative new ways of doing business Must describe an invention that effects some physical change in the world Unlikely to survive the drawn-out process through the patent offices and courts Most business-methods can not be patented

15. T HE S OLUTION ? Innovations should be required to address a specific technological environment and result in physical change beyond the computer Mandatory licensing should be required for patents

16. L AW N INE - S OFTWARE Composed of 4 different systems: Patents Copyright Licensing Barter economy of open source

17. O H GOVERNMENT … 1976 Congress gives software programmers the same rights (copyrights) as authors, musicians and artists What is the problem with this? CONTU- Commission on New Technological Uses (of copyrighted works)

18. O PEN S OURCE Developers are creating a movement to push for unrestricted access to software They want to maximize the nature of software economically by essentially letting all access the information GPL- General Public License Can you think of companies that use this model?

19. O PEN ALWAYS WINS !! Even in an ‘open’ system copyright holders still have rights in the way the software is distributed You cannot sell ‘free’ software Information cannot be restricted Law of Disruption will continue to cause open software

20. S O REMEMBER !! Regulation will not come from a body of law, but from the consumer market