1. Austin American Statesman August 21, 2007 Texas leads nation in number of drunken driving deaths WASHINGTON BUREAU Tuesday, August 21, 2007 WASHINGTON — Texas led the country in the number of drunken driving fatalities last year, statistics released Monday by the U.S. Department of Transportation show. The state had 1,354 drunken driving deaths last year, up 34 from 2005. The state tied Arizona and Kansas for largest increase in the number of fatalities; Utah, Kansas and Iowa had the largest percentage increases compared with 2005...

2. The Promise of DWI/Drug Courts Grant funded by TxDOT

3. Our Goals Today What is a DWI/Drug Court? What is a DWI/Drug Court? Why do I care? Why do I care? What can I do? What can I do?

4. Purpose of Criminal Statutes Protect public Protect public Punish behavior Punish behavior Prevention Prevention Rehabilitate (change behavior) Rehabilitate (change behavior)

5. How can we use the judicial system to effect a change in behavior? How can we use the judicial system to effect a change in behavior? Change is hard Change is hard

6. “Given a choice between changing and proving that it is not necessary, most people get busy with the proof.” John Galbraith

7. Stages of Change PrecontemplationContemplationPreparationAction Maintenance Maintenance (Relapse) (Relapse) ( Prochaska, Norcross and DiClemente’s Changing for Good, 1994)

8. “Motivation should not be thought of as a personality problem. Rather, motivation is a state of readiness to change, which may fluctuate from one time or situation to another. This state is one that can be influenced.” Miller & Rollnick, 1991

9. “Creative” Sentencing “Creative” Sentencing Yoga Yoga Tai Chi Tai Chi Writing “I will not do stupid things” 2500 times Writing “I will not do stupid things” 2500 times Dressing up like victim (in a dress) and being forced to walk around downtown Dressing up like victim (in a dress) and being forced to walk around downtown Jogging for an hour for trying to run from police Jogging for an hour for trying to run from police Listening to music or reading Listening to music or reading Carrying a photograph of the victim in wallet Carrying a photograph of the victim in wallet USA Today, February 23, 2004

10. How Do We Protect Our Communities? PunishmentorRehabilitation

11. What if we JUST Put Them in PRISON? Criminal Recidivism in 3 Years 68% arrested for new crime 68% arrested for new crime 47% convicted of new crime 47% convicted of new crime 25% incarcerated for new crime 25% incarcerated for new crime 50% re-incarcerated for violations 50% re-incarcerated for violations Relapse to Substance Abuse in 3 Years 95% relapse 95% relapse (TRI, 2002) (TRI, 2002)

12. What if we JUST Refer Them to TREATMENT? Attrition 50% to 67% don’t show for intake 50% to 67% don’t show for intake 40% to 80% drop out in 3 months 40% to 80% drop out in 3 months 90% drop out in 12 months 90% drop out in 12 monthsOutcomes 40% to 60% of clients abstinent at 1 year Again, 95% relapse rate(TRI, 2003)

13. The answer is… Drug Courts Drug Courts DWI Courts DWI Courts Problem Solving Courts Problem Solving Courts Mental Health Mental Health CPS CPS Juvenile Juvenile

14. “DWI Court” means the creation of a specific docket for repeat offenders who report to the Court on a regular basis (initially weekly) with their probation officer and treatment counselor for a Court supervised status hearing.

15. In 1989, the first drug court began in Miami, Florida. In 1994, 12 drug courts existed. Today, over 1,500 drug courts exist in the United States. With many more abroad.

17. Key Elements Early screening and assessment Early screening and assessment Frequent, random drug and alcohol testing Frequent, random drug and alcohol testing Constant Court and probation supervision Constant Court and probation supervision Individual and group therapy Individual and group therapy Financial accountability to Court and others Financial accountability to Court and others System of immediate sanctions and incentives System of immediate sanctions and incentives Graduated levels Graduated levels

18. Why is Screening and Assessment so important? Drivers with a BAC of.15 or above are ____ times more likely to be involved in a crash.

19. The Risk Principle—High Risk

20. The Risk Principle—Low Risk

21. Does it work? Nationwide recidivism studies in New Mexico, Florida, Georgia, Michigan, etc. consistently show recidivism for addicted alcoholics and drug addicts is reduced by ________% Nationwide recidivism studies in New Mexico, Florida, Georgia, Michigan, etc. consistently show recidivism for addicted alcoholics and drug addicts is reduced by ________%

22. Approved MADD Resolution “MADD supports the use of post-adjudication DUI/DWI courts that employ the strategies of close supervision, frequent alcohol and other drug testing, and ongoing judicial interaction to integrate alcohol and other drug treatment services with the justice system. MADD recommends that DUI/DWI courts should not be used to avoid a record of conviction and/or license sanctions.” MADD National Board of Directors MADD National Board of Directors

23. Other Resolutions Passed The National District Attorneys Association The National Sheriffs Association International Association of Chiefs of Police The National Association of County Organizations

24. Number of Texas DWI Courts

25. How will this help your community? Cost/effectiveness study for Dallas County showed $9.43 taxpayer dollars saved for every dollar spent on the program Cost/effectiveness study for Dallas County showed $9.43 taxpayer dollars saved for every dollar spent on the program

26. What can you do?

27. For More Information… Judge David L. Hodges Texas Judicial Liaison Texas Center for the Judiciary (800) 252-9232 mobile- (254) 744-1115 dhodges@yourhonor.com