1. Mental Health

2. What is Depression? A common mental disorder that presents with: Prolonged sadness that persists Depressed mood Loss of interest or pleasure Feelings of guilt Low self-worth Disturbed sleep or appetite Low energy Poor concentration

3. Types of Depression Major Depressive Episode (MDE) Deep despair, extremely depressed mood, hopelessness, guilt, suicidal thoughts Dysthymia (mild depression) Manage to go to school/work, depressed mood, low energy, low self-concept

4. Types of Depression (cont’d)… Bipolar Disorder Two extremes: low lows (depression) and high highs (mania) Psychosis Person’s perception of reality has been disturbed, cannot tell what is real/what is not real Psychological “break” with reality

5. Teens and Depression In early teens, 6% of teens are depressed (higher in girls) In late teens: o Males – 12% o Females – 21- 24% How long does it last? o Major Depressive Episode = 8 – 13 months o Dysthymia = 3 years o Relapse is common (32-70%) within 5 years of an episode

6. Myth busters… “It’s all in their head.” YES, IT IS! It’s in the brain, and the brain is sick.

7. Mental Health Pyramid Mental illness Mental health problem Mental health distress No distress, problem or disorder

8. Intentional acts to hurt self, including: cutting scratching burning picking scabs pulling hair What is self-harm?

9. Is it a mental illness? Not a diagnosable mental illness Likely a sign of underlying issues Must be addressed by a trained mental health professional

10. experiencing intense emotional pain unsure how to cope, they look for a way to release that pain physical pain temporarily overpowers their emotional pain it can become habit- forming can be “contagious” Why do they do it?

11. 14% to 39% How prevalent is this issue?

12. Behaviour Therapy (CBT & DBT) ✴ can help patients re-route their patterns of thought ✴ focus on what brings them to self harm General self care practices can help Teaching of healthier coping strategies How is it treated?

13. Eating Disorders

14. What is an eating disorder? Less deliberate form of self harm, including: Anorexia extreme food restriction Binge Eating secretive, compulsive overeating for comfort Bulimia uncontrollable binge eating, followed by purging

15. body image issues response to sexual victimization search for control it can become habit- forming can be “contagious” Why do they do it?