2. Project “ Rivers” Co-operated by Yenvien Secondary School and Army Public School Jhelum

3. Yenvien Secondary School Army Public School Jhelum

4. 1. RED RIVER The Red River, Vietnam, is the largest northern Vietnam river. It flows generally northwest – southeastward. It begins in China and enters Vietnam at Lao Cai province. It flows past the capital of Vietnam, Hanoi before emptying into the Gulf of Tonkin. The Red River is also known as the Mother River.

6. Red River has a length of 1200 kilometers. It is one of the most significant rivers of Vietnam and the red waters of the river (due to high content of iron) make it all the more alluring and attractive.

13. Generally the flow of Red river is 2640 cubic water per second, The flow of the Red River is determined by the seasons. In the dry season, its flow decreased to about 700 m 3 /s but in the rainy season, it reaches 30,000 m 3 /s,over 40 times in comparison

14. The reddish-brown heavily silt-laden water gives the river its name, about 100 million tons per year (approximately 1.5kg/m3 water). Silt-laden makes more fertile fields, cultivates and expands the delta in coastal provinces. The delta of the river is a major agricultural area of Vietnam with vast area devoted to rice. The delta of the river is a major agricultural area of Vietnam with vast area devoted to rice

16. Red River is an important contribution in daily life as well as in production. It supplies hundreds of tons of different fishes a year. The density of fish catching is about 6 tons per square kilometer. Especially, there are some rare and precious fishes in the Red River such as “ cá chép ta, cá chép đ en, cá chiên, cá nheo, cá tài phát”, and so on…It’s very important for fish exporting industry

18. The Red River is notorious for its violent floods with its seasonally wide volume fluctuations. The land is protected by an elaborate network of dykes and levees

21. It is one of major transportation to take goods to other provinces along the river. It saves money and avoids traffic jams.

22. The Red River is the most important water supply for the Northern delta of Vietnam, needed for agriculture and food production. Besides, the Red River is also a source of hydropower. It can supply electricity for the mountainous areas in Vietnam. Some hydroelectric plants have been built so far.

24. The Red River is one of the good attractions in the north of Vietnam. Anyway, Vietnamese travel agencies should bring its advantages of traveling and culture into further development

25. There are 18 bridges across the river, and in Hanoi area, there are 5 bridges : Long Bien bridge, Thang Long bridge, Chuong Duong bridge, Vinh Tuy bridge and Thanh Tri bridge. Two others are under construction in Hanoi

27. The oldest bridge is Long Bien. It was designed by a French in late 19 th century.

28. The extensive deforestation, industrial pollution and global warming are affecting the vegetation and wildlife of the delta.

29. Next, please enjoy our trip to the Red river. It was a rainy day, we went on Long Bien bridge, then down to a land which has been formed and extended with silt for many years. It is in the middle of the river, so we call it ”the middle land”. The “middle land” is about two km2 and very well- known in Hanoi. Here you can see a lot of vegetables or plants… You can also see a market place right on the bridge. People sell the products from ”the middle land” such as: vegetables, maize, potatoes, fish, bananas …etc.