1. Presented By: Date: Federal Aviation Administration Unmanned Aircraft Systems - Access to the National Airspace System Central Service Center Air Traffic Unmanned Aircraft System 31 August 2009

2. 2 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 What are UAS? Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) historically were called by various terms:  Drone/ROA/RPV/UAV/Model/R-C Today they are Defined as:  Unmanned Aircraft (UA)  Aircraft Control Station  Command & Control Link/s  Pilot

3. 3 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 Characteristics UAS can range in weight from a few grams to thousands of pounds and can operate at altitudes from near surface to the edge of space. Some UA can remain aloft for minutes or days for others. Further designs allow for the possibility that some UAS will be able to remain aloft for months. Some UA fly slowly while others are capable of very high speeds. Some UA require a prepared runway while others can be launched and recovered from unprepared fields, ships, aircraft, rooftops, or by hand.

4. 4 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 See and Avoid is not an ATC Function  Air Traffic Radar does not depict everything in the NAS

5. 5 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 Special Use Airspace/Airspace for Special Use Part 73 of Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14 …activities must be confined because of their nature… They are there to protect Pilots and Aircraft 6 Flavors of Special Use Airspace these 3 provide a “confined” environment –Prohibited Areas -- Regulatory –Restricted Areas -- Regulatory –Warning Areas (off-shore) Other types of Airspace that provide a cooperative/positive control: –Class A –Class C –Temporary Flight Restricted Areas

6. 6 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 Who is Operating UAS in the NAS Public Use Aircraft – Certificate of Waiver or Authorization Department of Agriculture Department of Commerce Department of Defense Department of Energy Department of Homeland Security Department of Interior Department of Justice NASA State Universities State Law Enforcement Civil Aircraft – Special Airworthiness Certificates - Experimental Issued in all 3 Service Areas  Raytheon  AAI Corporation  General Atomics  Boeing  And more

7. 7 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 What are they doing? Operational Missions Training for Operational Missions Research Sensor Development and Testing Marketing Border Patrol Firefighting Disaster Relief Search and Rescue

8. 8 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 When are they doing it? Daily Mostly Daylight Operations Some Night Operations

9. 9 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 Where are they doing it? Class A, C, D, E, and G Airspace Domestic and Oceanic Outside of SUA

10. 10 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 Where are they not doing it? Class B Airspace Most 30 nm Mode C veil – Appendix D to Part 91 Over Populated Areas

11. 11 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 How are they doing it? Specific authorization is required for operations outside of active restricted/warning area airspace, with aviation activities authorized —NO EXCEPTIONS

12. 12 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 4 Ways to Fly an UAS in the National Airspace System Completely in active Restricted, Warning Area airspace approved for aviation activities – No FAA approval - range rules apply Private recreational use – Advisory Circular 91-57 Special Airworthiness Certificate - Experimental Category –Civil operators –FAA determines Airworthiness –Only one airframe (issued a “N” number) –No commercial operations Certificate of Waiver or Authorization –Public Use Aircraft –Agency determines airworthiness –FAA policy 08-01 is current GUIDANCE –All are required to have a NOTAM issued outside Class A/C

13. 13 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 Certificate of Waiver or Authorization (COA) 158 Active in US NAS FAA Form 7711-1 Authorization to operate UAS in the NAS We do not release/discuss with others Consists of 4 sets of provisions:  General  Safety  Standard  Special

14. 14 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 Certificate of Waiver or Authorization (COA) Standard Provisions: –Just that – Standard for most operators Special Provisions: –Tailored to individual mission and ATC facility requirements –Identifies requirements for the operator –Alternate means of compliance those sections of 14 CFR part 91 that UAS are unable to comply with

15. 15 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 Customer commits case AJR-36 admin review Admin correct Yes No AJR-36 release case to customer for corrections AJR-36 email to SA for feasibility check Admin correct Yes No SA contacts customer to work case 60 Day Clock Starts Acceptable resolution reached Yes No SA email to AJR-36 “Release” case to customer AJR-36 formal denial letter issued SA email to HQ to “Validate” case AJR-36 “Validates” and sends case to PO for review PO Concur Yes No 95% sent to SA by AJR-36 Customer makes changes and “Commits” case SA email to HQ “Validate” Customer makes changes and commits case Case feasible Yes No SA final coordination with affected AT facilities SA emails 100% to AJR-36 AJR-36 reviews and Signs 7711-1. Emails final COA to SA for distribution SA emails final COA to customer and CC to AJR-36 PO works case with HQ, SA and customer PO Concur COA issued COA Process

16. 16 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 2 Special COA’s Disaster Relief – issued to JFACC –Only Predator Class and Global Hawk –This year may include additional assets –General and Safety Provisions sections signed –Special Provisions worked for each Disaster – they must be signed before flight Emergency COA –Issued in hours not months –Proponent has current COA for aircraft –A situation exists that is defined as a condition of distress or urgency where there is, or has the extreme possibility of loss of life, and; –Manned flight is not possible due to a hazard or the operation cannot be conducted safely with manned flight, and; –Emergency UAS COA's shall not be considered for: Demonstration flights Flights to test capabilities Training Flights in Class B Airspace Flights over populated areas

17. 17 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 Some are Easier / Some are… Easier: –Short duration / Small Operating Area –Remote / Unpopulated Area –Low impact Lost Link Procedures –Established aviation program –Visual Flight Rules –Line of Sight – Communication, Command and Control –Class E/G Airspace Not so Easy –Long Duration/Large Operating Area –Near Populated Areas –First Aviation activity –Complex Lost Link Procedures –Instrument Flight Rules –Beyond Line of Sight – Communications, Command and Control –Class A/C/D Airspace (no current possibility of operations in or under Class B)

18. 18 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 UAS Challenges  Ensuring safety of the NAS –For all users and public on the ground  Safety impacts: –Inherent low visibility of many UAS aircraft - more difficult to visually detect –Increased time between detection and avoidance –UAS aircraft performance limits in collision avoidance  Developing standards, procedures and separation standards for an industry already in operation  Supporting the national defense expanding access requests  Other Government Agencies into the mix

19. 19 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 Trends FAA UAS Program Office has seen a 100% increase in COA requests from law enforcement and universities this past year. Moving from “routine” to more sophisticated UAS missions requiring extensive coordination with multiple affected ATC facilities. Significant increase in requests from all users for operations outside of restricted airspace and for “sterile” airspace

20. 20 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 Herington UAS Flight Facility Part of the Kansas UAS Network (KSUN) Possible US Army UAS Training Site Supporting Fort Riley Hand Launched Raven Shadow UAS ALL REQUIRE FAA UAS COA APPLICATION

21. 21 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 Herington UAS Flight Facility Part of the Kansas UAS Network (KSUN) Kansas State University CQ-10A Operator Course Fall 2010 CQ-10A SnowGoose Base UAS Operator’s Course Educational Training, Kansas National Guard Support, Payload Development

22. 22 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 THREE COMMERCIAL VARIANTS Under Development  Open Steel Frame Outsized Cargo: Designed to Transport ATVs, Snowmobiles, Generators etc. Mast & Rotor Easily Folded with Blades back (Grasshopper Fashion) to Enable Towing as a Ground Trailer.  Re-Usable Steel Frame Covered Box: Parcel Delivery, Plywood, PVC Pipe, Construction Material, 55 Gallon Drums  Expendable Disaster Relief: One Time Use Wooden Fuselage with Wooden Blades, Hi-Dollar Rotor and Stabilization System Recoverable in Ruck All Average About 1500 lb GWT with 1,000 lb Payloads FIRST FLIGHT 17 Feb 2010 ®

23. 23 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 JA-1A Half Ton Prototype Staged at Herington for Testing Unmanned Autogyro Cargo Aircraft that can be Towed by Manned Aircraft For Remote “Bush” Aviation Delivery in Canada and Alaska and Military Applications ®

24. Presented By: Date: Federal Aviation Administration Herington UAS Flight Facility Part of the Kansas UAS Network (KSUN) Questions?

25. 25 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008  34 Knot Cruise Speed  Low Risk Engine Off Parachute Landing World’s First Production Cargo UAS

26. 26 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 Herington UAS Flight Facility Part of the Kansas UAS Network (KSUN) HUFF Current UAS Operators MMIST CQ-10A SnowGoose  World’s First Cargo UAS  Two MMIST Owned Aircraft Currently Based at HUFF  Used in Iraq & Afghanistan  40 mph, 200 mile Range  Up to 500 lb Payload  Loud Speakers for Public Address in Disasters  Drop Emergency Supplies  Illumination in Post Tornado  Communications and Camera Air Launched From C-130 – C-17 Aircraft DoD Certified UAS

27. 27 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 CSA Contacts Carl Youngblood 817-321-7722 Michael Rizzo 817-321-7733 Roger McGrath 817-321-7735 www.faa.gov/uas

28. 28 Federal Aviation Administration 19 December 2008 Information http://www.faa.gov/uas