1. Progressive Presidents: Taft and Wilson

2. William H. Taft: Republican Roosevelt opposed the idea of a third term for any President Hand picked successor Uncomfortable as President A lawyer - viewed issues through the eyes of a lawyer Carried on Dollar Diplomacy Not an activist

3. The Election of 1912 Taft v. TR in the primary TR’s Progressive Party (Bull Moose Party) Platform strict regulation of corporations national tariff commission national presidential primary federal minimum wage and workman’s comp federal laws eliminate child labor Republican vote split: Democrat Wilson wins

4. Woodrow Wilson – Personal Background Southerner – Born in Virginia, 1856 Southern attitudes on states rights and race Very devote Presbyterian Morals factor into decisions, making compromise difficult Lawyer, PhD in History President of Princeton, Gov of NJ for one term

5. The Democrats in 1912 Believed in the “New Freedom” Wilson’s Domestic Plan Government should not be large and intrusive. It should pass sharp legislation that would destroy large corporations, trusts and monopolies Government should pass laws that set rules of competition

6. Wilson’ s First Term Legislative Achievements – Dramatic Underwood-Simmons Tariff Act (1913) Federal Reserve Act (1913) Federal Trade Commission (1914) (FTC) Clayton Anti-Trust Act (1914)

7. Progressive Actions for Farmers Federal Farm Loan Act – Credit system for farmers Smith-Lever Act

8. The Election of 1916 How would he get reelected? Democrats are still the minority party Peace keeper – “He kept us out of war” Wilson vs. Charles Evans Hughes Wilson wins on his record

9. Civil Rights: Wilson Wilson - comfortable with segregation In best interest of both races Supported separate but equal Jim Crowism will continue to flourish The African American Response Build African American Community and Institutions

10. W.E.B. DuBois – (1868 – 1963) Independent scholar 1903 – writes The Souls of Black Folks Leader of Niagara Movement from 1905-09. This transforms into the NAACP Sought full equality for blacks His views Vocational education = second class citizens Emphasized political activity, right to vote and social equality for blacks University education is critical Talented Tenth NAACP charter – objective is for blacks to receive 1st class citizenship. “Make 11 million blacks physically free from tyranny, mentally free from ignorance, politically free from disenfranchisement, and socially free from prejudice, bigotry and insult.”