1. Watershed Protection Plan North Oconee River Watershed Tanyard to Lilly Branch Upper Oconee Watershed Network UGAGrounds Department Environmental Practicum Graduate Students

2. Outline of Presentation Overview of Project Current Watershed Conditions Potential Sources of Pollution & Controls Invasive Species Education and Outreach Public Input

4. Project Goals The goal is to improve water quality and watershed ecosystem health while affording opportunities for passive and active education and engaging the campus and ACC Community.

5. 9-Elements Identification of pollutant sources Estimate of expected improvements from recommendations Description of management measures & critical areas Estimate of amounts of technical & financial assistance Information and education component Schedule for implementation Description of interim milestones Set of criteria for determining success Monitoring component to evaluate progress

6. Collaborative Partnership UGA River Basin Center (Amble Johnson) UGA Office of Sustainability (Tyra Byers) UGA Odum School of Ecology (Dr. Laurie Fowler) College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences (Dr. Mark Risse) College of Environment and Design (Dr. Jon Calabria and Dr. Alfie Vick) Warnell School of Forestry (Dr. Todd Rasmussen) UGA Grounds Department (Dexter Adams) UGA University Architects (Ben Liverman and Lara Mathes) Athens Clarke County Storm Water (Ryan Eaves and Ellison Fiddler) Upper Oconee Watershed Network (Elizabeth Little and Summer Blackwell) Friends of Five Points (Kevin Barnes) Emerging Green Professionals (John Tankard) Ecology Club and Go Green Alliance (Sara De La Torre Berón)

7. Watershed Issues Heavy urbanization in the watershed (lots of pavement) Piped for large portions of reach Polluted Invasive species Not always seen as amenities (places to throw trash, etc.) Recent work by the UGA Grounds department to identify sources of contamination and by university architect to filter run-off

9. Lilly Branch Poor Water Quality – Hydrocarbon Pollution (Leaking underground storage tanks) – Fecal Contamination – High Conductivity and low Ph High Storm Flows (leading to erosion and undercut banks) Limited Riparian Corridors Invasive Species Native Diversity (salamanders) Daylight Section by Lamar Dodd School of Art with Stormwater BMP’s Community and Campus Amenity

12. Tanyard Creek 2.02-square kilometer watershed 74% impervious surface Approximately 50% of the stream length is piped Impaired: failure to meet designated use of fishing – fecal coliform levels (also high conductivity & low Ph) High storm flows lead to erosion Invasive species Recent watershed characterization Grounds department monitoring and clean-up Highly visible near the football stadium

13. Water Quality Sampling Goal: identify presence & levels of fecal coliforms/E. coli in UGA’s streams 3 sampling events during Spring 2012 2 sampling events conducted in coordination with Brown & Caldwell’s routine sampling 1 sampling event conducted by Practicum students to identify “hot spots” & potential sources of pollution

14. IDEXX Analyses and Data Yellow cells indicate presence of fecal coliforms Fluorescing cells indicate presence of E. coli Lilly Branch, 04/12/12, Dry Weather, Upstream to Downstream 17% of FC is E. coli 67% of FC is E. coli 58% of FC is E. coli

15. Sampling Data - Database being created for previous & future data collected by ACC, UGA, UOWN, etc. - Data collection to continue through spring 2013 (by Practicum students) - In addition to fecal coliforms & E. coli, data also collected for temperature, specific conductivity, dissolved oxygen, and pH ***Goal: to identify specific pollutant sources & implement practices to reduce pollutant loads to our streams***

16. Private Sanitary Sewer Service Lines - Pipe that connects a residence/business to the public sewer system - Aged pipes develop cracks & leaks, become clogged with grease & roots  lead to the overflow of raw sewage - Stormwater enters deteriorated pipes through cracks & breaks that can increase sewer lateral pipe flows by 1,000% or more; carries raw sewage to streams - Even if the public sewer line is repaired or replaced, aged private sewer lines can still release raw sewage - “The grass is always greener over the septic field.”

18. Watch for sink holes and bright green streaks or patches of turf grass Contact your plumber or landlord for an inspection “Sewer Laterals: Why You should Check Out Yours,” Marin County, CA http://www.yourpieceofmarin.com/2010/11/sewer-laterals/

19. The Impact of Dumpsters What can we do to mitigate the negative effects of ill-kept dumpsters in the 5 points area?

20. The Impact of Dumpsters Noted dumpster locations during our sampling of the 2 streams Inspected the dumpsters, location, & set-up Determined the extent of leachate (garbage juice) Determined if leachate was mixing with stormwater and contributing to contaminated run-off

21. Simple Mitigation Techniques Place dumpster on paved, concrete floor with “bermed” or curbed sides within paved area Cover dumpster area with roof or lids Inspect dumpsters monthly for deterioration to make sure leakage is not occurring Inspect lids to ensure they are securely fastened & adequately cover dumpster Inform affected parties and public about illicit discharge and harmful effects *Notice how this dumpster is safeguarded against animals rummaging through dumpster trash.

22. Community Goals Moving Forward Create dumpster facilities that prevent or reduce possibility of stormwater mixing with dumpster contaminants Increase public awareness of public health issues presented by illicit discharge from dumpsters during rain events Put ordinances in place to diminish effect of dumpsters on stream water quality, specifically in 5 Points & on campus

23. Clean Water Act Discharge of any pollutant from a point-source into navigable waters is unlawful unless made according to terms of NPDES permit Requires local governments to add discharge ordinances Enforcement Provisions – Government Enforcement – Citizen Suit Provision

24. ACC Illicit Discharge and Illegal Connection Ordinance It is a violation for any person to throw, drain, or otherwise discharge…into the ACC separate storm sewer system any pollutants or water containing any pollutants, other than storm water Notification Requirement Enforcement/Penalties

25. Bulldawg 66 - Corrective Action Plan 1553 South Lumpkin Street, Five Points

26. - On July 7, 1993, complaint made by ACC building inspector. The record documented oil sheen & odors in Lilly Branch ~500 feet from the site. - As recently as 2006, significant free product was found in a monitoring well. On one occasion 1.5 feet of free product was found - on another, over 3 feet. Site History

27. Remediation Wells 30 Remediation Wells Trenching AMEC estimates that approximately 1,300 feet of trenching will be required to connect proposed recovery wells to compound location. Trenches will be approximately 2-3 feet deep, depending on location and the number of pipes in the trench line. Estimated Cost Total Cost of Remediation - $649,403.67 Including Thermox Oxidation - $730,562.97 First 40% Lump Sum - $246,428.34 Corrective Action Plan

28. Implementation The remediation should take approximately three years from the time the plan and the task order are approved. Operation and maintenance visits will occur weekly during the first month. At the end of the first month, the visits will occur on a monthly basis. The Georgia Rules for Underground Storage Tank Management requires notification to the members of the public most directly affected by the remediation plans. At least 17 notices were sent via certified mail to surrounding landowners.

30. Invasive Species - Background Overwhelming presence of invasive exotic flora – Outcompete native flora – Depending on species, can lead to severe bank erosion An opportunity to educate!

31. Invasive Species - Site Selection We selected sites for invasives control based on 3 criteria: 1.Property ownership- only properties owned by the University of Georgia or Athens-Clarke County 2.Public visibility- only sites easily visible to the public 3.Probability of successful control/eradication- relatively small sites, increasing intensity of management and likelihood of success

32. Invasive Species - Lilly Branch Site Owner: UGA Approximate Area: 0.80 acres Species of concern: Chinese Privet

33. Tanyard #1- Cemetery Owner: UGA Approximate Area: 0.91 acres Species of concern: Chinese Privet, Periwinkle

34. Tanyard #2- Tate Center Owner: UGA Approximate Area: 0.52 acres Species of concern: Chinese Privet, Periwinkle, Bush Honeysuckle, Oregon Grape

35. Tanyard #3- Pope Street Owner: Athens-Clarke County Approximate Area: 0.10 acres Species of concern: Chinese Privet, Kudzu, Japanese Honeysuckle, Carolina Geranium

36. Watershed-wide analysis of BMP opportunities: S TORMWATER What is stormwater runoff? Problems associated with stormwater – Water Pollution – Flash Flooding – Erosion

37. Watershed-wide analysis of BMP opportunities: M ANAGING S TORMWATER - BMP S Best Management Practices (BMPs) Structures that either: Slow stormwater down so it can soak into the ground Or: Collect stormwater for future reuse Examples

38. Watershed-wide analysis of BMP opportunities: A NALYSIS Suggest BMP opportunities throughout system, considering site conditions, location in watershed, and need Consider how BMPs can work together Find tools to help prioritize BMP implementation

39. Education Program… Objective: To create a long-term outreach program at Barrow Elementary School that educates students about stormwater

40. Education Program… Curriculum included: – Watershed modeling activity – Role playing – Field trip to Tanyard Creek – Brainstorming solutions – Distributed materials – Multimedia

41. Education Program… Outcome: -over 100 students in four 3 rd grade classes -2-part curriculum met several GPS -ties into conservation unit -requires few materials  replicable for future

42. Education and Outreach Elementary school education Community meetings and workshops Invasive species removal days and trash clean ups Website with watershed information Educational signage Targeted outreach campaigns (clean up after pets example)