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World War II
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Causes of WWII Rise of dictators in Europe (1920’s/30’s)
Benito Mussolini (Italy) Joseph Stalin (Soviet Union) Adolf Hitler (Germany)
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Hitler’s Conquests 1936-Germany invades the Rhineland
1938-Hitler annexes Austria and parts of Czeckoslovakia
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Munich Conference Hitler meets with leaders of France and Great Britain at Munich in September 1938. Appeasement of Hitler: Giving in to a stronger power to avoid future problems.
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Start of War September 1, 1939: Germany invades Poland
Britain and France declare war on Germany
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Allies vs. the Axis Allies: Axis: Great Britain France
Soviet Union ( ) USA ( ) Axis: Germany Italy Japan
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Japanese control in the Pacific 1941
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America’s Role 1939-1941 Neutrality becomes ….
FDR elected to 3rd term 1940 Lend-Lease Act (1940): America builds weapons and supplies Great Britain
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USA Enters WWII December 7th, 1941—”A date which will live in infamy.”
Japan attacks the American fleet at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. America declares war on Japan and enters WWII.
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The War Front The Atlantic Theater (fighting against Germany and Italy in Europe) The Pacific Theater (fighting against Japan in Asia) America’s goal: Defeat Germany first
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Key Events in the war in Europe:
June 6, The D-Day Invasion (Operation Overlord) Allied troops invade Europe Normandy, France “storming the beaches” to break through Germany’s Atlantic Wall This is a turning point in the war
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The German Atlantic Wall
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The Atlantic Wall
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The Atlantic Wall in Normandy, France
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General Eisenhower addressing the invading force (June 5)
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Area of Invasion
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On the way to Normandy American Landing Craft
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Landing Craft
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Into the Water
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Looking for Cover
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Results of the D-Day Invasion:
Allied forces win the battle This is the beginning of the end for Germany The victory is a major turning point in the war Germany begins to retreat
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American Cemetery- Normandy, France
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American Cemetery-Normandy, France
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Normandy Today
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End of war in Europe timeline:
February The Big Three meet at Yalta to discuss what to do with Germany once the war is over
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March 1945- FDR begins his fourth term as president
April 12, FDR dies; Harry Truman becomes the new President
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April 30, 1945- Hitler commits suicide in his underground bunker in Berlin
Germany is being overrun by American and Russian troops
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May 8, 1945-Germany surrenders!
V-E Day (Victory in Europe Day) Now the focus will be defeating Japan
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Timeline: War in the Pacific vs. Japan
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Island Hopping: American strategy of fighting from island to island in the Pacific, each victory getting American troops closer to Japan
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Flag Raising on Iwo Jima
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Japanese Strategy: Fight to death Do not surrender Kamikaze pilots
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The Manhattan Project The top secret project worked on from that researched and built the atomic bomb The bomb was successfully tested in July 1945 President Truman is notified that “the baby is born”.
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End of War with Japan August 6, The first atomic bomb is dropped over the city of Hiroshima, Japan August 9, A second atomic bomb is dropped over Nagasaki, Japan Japan surrenders
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After the Bombings Hiroshima Shadow Hiroshima before and after
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August 14, 1945: V-J Day (victory over Japan Day)
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