1. Informational Exhibit Poster: Orangutans and the Effects of Palm Oil Plantations Client: Smithsonian National Zoological Park Product: Exhibit Poster Presentation by: Kate Bouchard (blorthog@uw.edu) Julia Granfors (granfj@uw.edu) Travis Fuller (twf5@uw.edu) Eliza Wild (ejwild@uw.edu) Yuqi Du (yd5@uw.edu)

2. Overview ● Our client and product ● Orangutan biology ● IUCN listing ● Palm oil biology ● Sustainable palm oil ● Stakeholders ● The Product

3. Our Client ●Smithsonian National Zoological Park ○Located in Washington D.C ○The National Zoological Park is part of the Smithsonian Institution. ●Orangutan Exhibit ○Great Ape House and Think Tank ○Orangutan Transport System (O Line) ○Six orangutans ○Iris ●Product ○Educational and informational poster about palm oil and orangutans ●Cheryl Braunstein ○Manager of exhibit planning and development at the National Zoo

4. Biology ●Species ○Bornean (Pongo pygmaeus) ■Three subspecies ○Sumatran (Pongo abelii) ○~50 years old ●Habitat ○Waterways, lowlands ○Forest canopies ●Diet & Tools ○50% fruit; 50% sap, fungus ○Tool Users: umbrella, sticks ●Behavior & Reproduction ○Arboreal ○Cheek Pads & Throat Sacs ○Gestation, newborn ○Raised by mother (7-9 years) ○Longest childhood of any ape

5. IUCN Listing Bornean Orangutan Population: ~45,000 - 69,000 Endangered Main threat: habitat loss Sumatran Orangutan Population: ~7,300 Critically Endangered Main threat: habitat loss Global Orangutan Distribution Palm Oil Plantation Clearing Rainforest Bornean Rainforest

6. Palm Oil ● Edible vegetable oil derived from the fruits of the oil palm tree ● Grown in the tropical belt o Originated in Western/Central Africa o 90% from Indonesia and Malaysia ● Very high oil yield & fast growing o Low cost to commercial food industry ● Used in thousands of products o Foods, beauty products, biodiesel

7. Habitat Loss ● High demand for palm oil from Indonesia & Malaysia ● Large amounts of rainforest deforestation for oil palm plantations ● Threatening vital habitat for many endangered species o Orangutans, Sumatran tigers, pygmy elephants

8. Sustainable Palm Oil ● Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil o Created in 2004 o Cannot destroy areas with significant biodiversity or fragile ecosystems o Protects cultural areas for local communities ● Currently 18% of global palm oil is certified ● Over 2,000 members o Full list of members at rspo.org

9. Stakeholders ●Unskilled workers ○ Workforce is mostly foreign, uneducated, and inexperienced ○ Employees receive: ■ Company provide housing ■ On-the-job training and classes ■ Treated water, electricity, medical/accident insurance ■ Education for children of workers ■ Performance based pay component ○ Overall positive change to livelihood ○ Negative impacts: ■ Lack of time ■ Increase in daily expenses

10. Stakeholders ● Independent growers (smallholders) o Live in recently established villages o Average oil palm plantation: 3.59 hectares, 20 years o Previously subsistence farmers of rice and fish o Benefits of managing a plantation:  Increase in wages  Decrease in labor required  Flexible hours  May hire more employees o Possible negative impacts:  High dependency on income

11. Stakeholders ● Affected neighbors o Land-based resources lost by conversion to oil palm o No consultation about plantation establishment  Native claims are not legally recognized o Negative impacts:  Drop in fish stocks ● River pollution ● Substantial economic losses ● Increased labor burden (travel)  Loss of access to forest resources ● Decreased hunting ● Decreased availability of non-timber forest products (herbs, fruits)  Loss of cropland ● More reliant on natural resource based activities ● Change in traditional food consumption patterns o Positive impacts:  Improved road access  Increased job opportunity

12. Poster Design Focus Points ● Draw visitor attention ● Keep that attention ● Create a message they will share

13. Poster Design To start things off… Environmental feel Family friendly/Jungle theme

14. Poster Design Next… To catch the visitor’s attention

15. Poster Design Then… Adding information and images

16. Poster Design Finalizing stages use of questions, images, simple yet informative language

17. References Andriani, et al.The Local Impacts of Oil Palm Expansion in Malaysia (2011): n. pag.Http://www.cifor.org/publications/pdf_files/WPapers/WP- 78Andriani.pdf. Center for International Forestry Research. Web. 12 Feb. 2015. Brown, E., & Jacobson, M. (2005). Cruel oil: How palm oil harms health, rainforest & wildlife. Washington, D.C.: Center for Science in the Public Interest. Butler, R. (2005, January 1). Largest area of tropical forest, by country. Retrieved February 16, 2015, from http://rainforests.mongabay.com/deforestation_forest.html http://rainforests.mongabay.com/deforestation_forest.html Gilbert, N. (2012). Palm-oil boom raises conservation concerns. Nature, 487(7405), 14-15. Retrieved February 13, 2015, from http://www.nature.com/news/palm-oil-boom-raises-conservation-concerns-1.10936 http://www.nature.com/news/palm-oil-boom-raises-conservation-concerns-1.10936 Kirk, Karin. “Teaching Environmental Issue.” Affective Domain. N.p., n.d. Lam, M., Tan, K., Lee, K., & Mohamed, A. (2009). Malaysian Palm Oil: Surviving The Food Versus Fuel Dispute For A Sustainable Future. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13(6-7), 1456-1464. Retrieved February 16, 2015, from ScienceDirect. Masilamany, J. (2013, March 1). For Peat's Sake. Free Malaysia Today. Retrieved February 16, 2015, from http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2013/03/01/for-peat’s-sake/ http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2013/03/01/for-peat’s-sake/ Poku, K. (2002). Small-scale Palm Oil Processing in Africa (Vol. 148). Food & Agricultural Organization. Rosenthal, E. (2007, January 31). Once a Dream Fuel, Palm Oil May Be an Eco-Nightmare. The New York Times. Retrieved February 16, 2015, from http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/31/business/worldbusiness/31biofuel.html?pagewanted=1&ei=5088&en=e653a375e67e8e49&ex=132 7899600&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss&_r=0 http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/31/business/worldbusiness/31biofuel.html?pagewanted=1&ei=5088&en=e653a375e67e8e49&ex=132 7899600&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss&_r=0 RSPO- About Sustainable Palm Oil. (2014, January 1). Retrieved February 16, 2015, from http://www.rspo.org/consumers/about- sustainable-palm-oilhttp://www.rspo.org/consumers/about- sustainable-palm-oil Skinner, B. (2013, July 18). Indonesia's Palm Oil Industry Rife With Human-Rights Abuses. Bloomberg Business. Verheye, W. (2010). Growth And Production of Palm Oil. In Soils, Plant Growth and Crop Production (Vol. 2). Eolss Company Limited. "Meet the Orangutans." - National Zoo. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Mar. 2015. "Exhibit." S: Great Apes and Other Primates. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Mar. 2015.

18. Questions?