1. Debabrata Goswami Chemistry & Center for Laser Technology IIT Kanpur dgoswami@iitk.ac.in

2. Current Scientific Instruments are very expensive and highly specialized Communities that would benefit from the use of instrumentation are unable to obtain it Fab-Labs can be used to design and develop equipment and instrumentation for these communities

3. Consumer electronics make it possible to develop cheaper instrumentation Redesigning existing instruments allows lower costs and increased flexibility without lowering performance

4.  UV-Vis Spectrometer Estimated Cost of $100  RF Analyzer Estimated Cost of $100

5.  High Cost, High Sophistication  Difficult to use in Field under Rugged environments UV-Vis Spectrometer: Commercial Cost ≥ $500

7.  Basis of All Linear Absorption Spectroscopy ▪ I=I 0 exp(-  cL)  UV-Visible & near-IR (250 – 1000 nm) ▪ Needs scanning of individual wavelengths ▪ Slow ▪ S/N Issues  FTIR  Measure in Fourier Domain (perform time-domain measurements) & FT into wavelength domain I0I0 I

8. Spectrum UV-Vis with consumer electronicsCommercially Available UV-Vis

9. Milk Analysis Postal Mail

10. Spectrometry Remote Medical Assistance Distance Learning

11. Food Quality AnalysisWater Quality Analysis Soil AnalysisAgriculture AnalysesMedical Analyses

12. impulse response (complex frequency response) DC – MHz ~Rs.100 food/water quality, agricultural inputs,...

13. RF Driving Signal Undeflected Beam An Acousto-Optic-Modulator based Pulse Shaper setup with the help an amplified laser system. A couple of representative graphs of the pulse shaping capability is shown in the data that are collected in the wavelength and time-domain respectively. Laser Pulse In Shaped Pulse Out Acousto-Optic Modulator

14. Schematic

15. Femtosecond Pulse Shaper

16.  Speed: Since all of the frequencies are measured simultaneously, most measurements are made in a matter of seconds  Sensitivity: Sensitivity is dramatically improved with FTIR  The detectors employed are much more sensitive, the optical throughput is much higher which results in much lower noise levels, and the fast scans enable the co-addition of several scans in order to reduce the random measurement noise to any desired level  Mechanical Simplicity: The moving mirror in the interferometer is the only continuously moving part in the instrument  Very little possibility of mechanical breakdown  Fingerprint Region: Sensitive characterization possible

17.  Micro- and nanoscale prototyping of programmable assembly systems  Theoretical principles for physical computation ("formatics")  Platforms for distributed control of embedded networked devices  Smart tools with feedback control  Machines that can make machines  Open-source engineering design tools

18. Visit: http://home.iitk.ac.in/~dgoswami.html Prof. Neil Gershenfeld, CBA, MIT Prof. S.G. Dhande, Director, IITK Acknowledgements