1. GPS(Global Positioning System) -Vignesh C Iyer

2. Introduction About GPS Working of GPS Examples of fields where GPS is widely used ◦ Fleet Management Systems ◦ Employee Management Systems ◦ Heavy Equipment Management ◦ Asset Tracking and Workplace Security

3. About GPS Global Positioning System is Satellite-based radio navigation system develop by the US DoD(Department of Defense) in 1973. Fully Operational Capability in GPS was achieved in the 1995. Modernization of the GPS Technology involved embedding or take the form of any device, example a wristwatch, mobiles, bracelets, badges. Used widely by public and private enterprises to track and monitor humans.

4. Working of the GPS Consists of 24 satellite positioned at particular angles above the earth Has 3 segments: ◦ Space ◦ Control ◦ User

5. Working of GPS Contd… Space Segment consists of ◦ 24 Operational Satellites or Space Vehicles (SV) orbiting the earth every 12 hrs. ◦ These SV’s are launched into 6 orbital planes each having 4 satellites placed at an angle of 55 degrees ◦ The Space Vehicles are synchronized such that their paths don’t intersect. ◦ 24 + 3 spare satellites are maintained

6. Control Segment has : ◦ A master control station (MCS), ◦ An alternate master control station, ◦ 4 dedicated ground antennas and ◦ 6 dedicated monitor stations. The Ground antennas and the dedicated monitor stations calculate the distances of the overhead satellite every 1.5 seconds. This data is then sent to the Master Control Station

7. Based on the data the Orbit, Clock performance and health of the satellite are evaluated and check for if repositioning is required. This evaluated data is then sent to 3 uplink stations.

8. User Segment ◦ User segment consist of Receivers. ◦ These receivers decode signals from the satellite and perform the following tasks:  Selecting the satellites  Acquiring the GPS signals  Measuring and Tracking  Recovery of navigational data

9. Examples Some of the Companies that specialize in manufacturing devices which make use of GPS are Garmin, Mio, Navigon. Examples of Some of these devices are: ◦ Garmin Products :eTrex Series, iQue PDA Receivers, StreetPilot i-series. ◦ Navigon Products: iPhone app, Navigon MobileNavigator for the Android platform ◦ Mio Products: Mio DigiWalker and Mio Moov

10. Maintaining security and Improving Efficiency using GPS The following make use of GPS widely: ◦ Fleet Management  How can fleets be monitored?  Why it is critical? ◦ Employee Management Systems ◦ Heavy Equipment Management ◦ Asset Tracking and Workplace Security

11. Fleet Management System GPS used to monitor the movements of fleet of vehicles Basic Functionality involved is Vehicle Tracking which: ◦ Gives the location, direction and speed of the moving objects ◦ Two types of Vehicle Tracking: Active and Passive  Active Tracking: Achieved by transmitting data in real-time  Passive Tracking: Records the data initially and downloaded after the vehicle has returned to a predetermined point

12. Why is the use of GPS critical ◦ Improve quality of service ◦ To track and monitor vehicles over different locations ◦ Large amount of goods being transported ◦ Lots of money involved in shipping and transportation

13. Employee Management System Used to keep track of on-the-field employees GPS embedded in devices can keep track of ◦ The time of travel ◦ Location of the employee ◦ Record any sort of violations or fraud ◦ Billing purposes

14. Heavy Equipment Management Assignment of id’s to Heavy Equipment. Tracking and monitoring the equipment’s location at all points of time Boundaries can be set so that the GPS is able to record the movement of the equipment Ensures secured delivery to the desired location Improves efficiency

15. Asset Tracking and Monitoring at Workplace Use of GPS embedded in devices. Record the quantity and quality of the equipment. Report details about lost or stolen devices Also keep track of and monitor how the employees use the device provided to them

16. Effects of Security Breach on a GPS System Some Common Threats ◦ Spoofing ◦ Jamming of GPS signals ◦ Possibilities of failure Impact: ◦ Loss of Important/ Confidential data ◦ Financial loss ◦ Physical Theft

17. Liabilities of the use of GPS. Some of the liabilities of the use of GPS are: ◦ Expensive ◦ Maintenance ◦ Intrusion of privacy ◦ Lot of data handling

18. Conclusion GPS thus records data accurately and gives the details about an object’s location, direction and time information making the object easier to track. Expensive yet accurate

19. Questions?

20. References http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Positioning_Sy stem http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Positioning_Sy stem http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_tracking_syst em http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_tracking_syst em http://www.eetimes.com/design/communications- design/4210115/How-does-a-GPS-tracking- system-work- http://www.eetimes.com/design/communications- design/4210115/How-does-a-GPS-tracking- system-work- http://www.pocketgpsworld.com/howgpsworks.ph p http://www.pocketgpsworld.com/howgpsworks.ph p http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/gadgets/trav el/gps.htm http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/gadgets/trav el/gps.htm http://www.palowireless.com/gps/howgpsworks.as p http://www.palowireless.com/gps/howgpsworks.as p