1. GSM BASED SOIL MONITORING By: Adwait Gharat Mrunal Gedam Tushar Patil Under the guidance of:  Prof. K. T. Talele Sardar Patel Institute of Technology Electronics Engineering Department 1

2. ORGANIZATION OF PRESENTATION Introduction Current Scenario Patent Research Literature Review Objective Proposed System System Flow Algorithm Technologies Used Final Prototype Calibration/Interfacing Experiment Results Application Areas Advantages Patent Registration Future Scope 2

3. INTRODUCTION  Indian economy is agro-based  Proper information of soil conditions is very important  The yield directly depends on soil conditions  Soil condition is determined in terms of its parameters 3

4. ORGANIZATION OF PRESENTATION Introduction Current Scenario Patent Research Literature Review Objective Proposed System System Flow Algorithm Technologies Used Final Prototype Calibration/Interfacing Experiment Results Application Areas Advantages Patent Registration Future Scope 4

5. CURRENT SCENARIO  Traditional methods used resulting in wastage of – Water Fertilizer Electricity  Fertilizers and water provided without considering the soil requirements reducing – the soil productivity yield 5

6. ORGANIZATION OF PRESENTATION Introduction Current Scenario Patent Research Literature Review Objective Proposed System System Flow Algorithm Technologies Used Final Prototype Calibration/Interfacing Experiment Results Application Areas Advantages Patent Registration Future Scope 6

7. PATENT RESEARCH Patent Number : 1 Patent Application : 1090/DEL/2007 Title : DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR AN FARM WATER MANAGEMENT (FARM WAT) Claims : Decision support system for on-farm water management in canal command areas It takes into account the various decision elements like canal water supply, root zone water balance, effective rainfall and direct surface runoff Farm Wat is a modular programme, which can be used for irrigation scheduling of crops and groundwater pumping 7

8. PATENT RESEARCH Patent Number : 2 Patent Application : 1020000021814 Title : WATER CONTENT MEASUREMENT METHOD AND SYSTEM THEREOF Claims : A measuring method of water content in soil and system thereof are provided Characterized in that water content, concentration of fertilizer and salt in soil are measured at the same time The system controls irrigation and fertilizing 8

9. PATENT RESEARCH Patent Number : 3 Patent Application : 12/698059 Title : WIRELESS SOIL SENSOR UTILIZING A RF FREQUENCY FOR PERFORMING SOIL MEASUREMENTS Claims : A wireless soil sensor for using a RF frequency for performing soil moisture measurements The sensor preferably includes a sensing component integrated directly with a radio and a microcontroller. The wireless soil sensor is designed to be buried underground and to transmit to above ground receivers. 9

10. PATENT RESEARCH Patent Number : 4 Patent Application : WO2008IT00671 20081029 Title : WIRELESS SYSTEM FOR GREENHOUSE MONITORING AND CONTROL Claims : The system consists of a wireless network of devices based upon standard IEEE 802.15.4 (ZigBee) In the wireless network there are: battery-powered low-consumption sensor nodes for detecting, at programmable time intervals, the values of the parameters, inside and/or outside, of interest for the optimal growth of the cultivations 10

11. PATENT RESEARCH Patent Number : 5 Patent Application : 09/372351 Title : SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR AUTOMATED MEASUREMENT OF SOIL PH Claims : An apparatus for automatically measuring soil pH at a relatively large number of places in a field Automatically creating a soil pH map by simultaneously measuring the position of the apparatus and storing the pH data in association with the location from which the corresponding soil sample was taken. 11

12. PATENT RESEARCH Patent Number : 6 Patent Application : 11/465780 Title : WIRELESS PH MEASUREMENT SYSTEM Claims : Wireless pH measurement system is disclosed, the wireless pH measurement system includes a portable module and a receiver end The portable module comprises a sensor unit for detecting a pH signal, amplifying, filtering noise, analog/digital conversion and numerical processing to generate a pH measurement signal which is transmitted by a Bluetooth module The receiver end processes the pH measurement signal by programs, displays, analyzes and stores the pH measurement signal and transmits warning signal when an abnormal pH measurement signal is received 12

13. ORGANIZATION OF PRESENTATION Introduction Current Scenario Patent Research Literature Review Objective Proposed System System Flow Algorithm Technologies Used Final Prototype Calibration/Interfacing Experiment Results Application Areas Advantages Patent Registration Future Scope 13

14. LITERATURE REVIEW OBJECTIVE  To develop a wireless cost efficient soil parameter monitoring system that will facilitate real time measurement of soil parameters (moisture and pH) and thereby reduce the on-field wastage of water and improve the yield 14

15. ORGANIZATION OF PRESENTATION Introduction Current Scenario Patent Research Literature Review Objective Proposed System System Flow Algorithm Technologies Used Final Prototype Calibration/Interfacing Experiment Results Application Areas Advantages Patent Registration Future Scope 15

16. PROPOSED SYSTEM 16 Sensor Module Micro- controller Mobile Phone GSM

17. ORGANIZATION OF PRESENTATION Introduction Current Scenario Patent Research Literature Review Objective Proposed System System Flow Algorithm Technologies Used Final Prototype Calibration/Interfacing Experiment Results Application Areas Advantages Patent Registration Future Scope 17

18. SYSTEM FLOW 18

19. ORGANIZATION OF PRESENTATION Introduction Current Scenario Patent Research Literature Review Objective Proposed System System Flow Algorithm Technologies Used Final Prototype Calibration/Interfacing Experiment Results Application Areas Advantages Patent Registration Future Scope 19

20. ALGORITHM 20 START Whether user request present ? Sense pH & moisture value Whether sufficient moisture present in soil ? Whether soil pH falls in the required range ? Notify the user to stop the water supply Notify the user to continue the water supply Check & compare the pH value with the pre-fed soil pH conditioning table & suggest solution to the user Notify the user no action required END No Yes No Yes

21. ORGANIZATION OF PRESENTATION Introduction Current Scenario Patent Research Literature Review Objective Proposed System System Flow Algorithm Technologies Used Final Prototype Calibration/Interfacing Experiment Results Application Areas Advantages Patent Registration Future Scope 21

22. TECHNOLOGIES USED CodeVision AVR- An integrated software development environment for microcontrollers family of Atmel AVR It includes - compiler C -like language for the AVR compiler assembler for AVR the initial program code generator that allows to initialize peripherals module interaction with the programmer source code editor with syntax highlighting terminal 22

23. TECHNOLOGIES USED SIM 300 GSM Module- Highly Reliable for 24x7 operation with Matched Antenna Status of Modem Indicated by LED Simple to Use & Low Cost Supports all GSM operator SIM cards Low Power Consumption Serial Interface Operating Temperature – -30 to +80 degree C 23

24. TECHNOLOGIES USED ATmega32 – Modified Harvard architecture 8-bit RISC based microcontroller Max. Operating Frequency 16 MHz High-performance, low-power 32KB of programmable flash memory 2KB SRAM, 1KB EEPROM 8-channel 10-bit A/D converter JTAG interface for on-chip debugging 24

25. TECHNOLOGIES USED Luster Leaf 1840 Rapitest Soil pH Meter – Corded probe and large scale plate allow for easy use and reading of results. Automatically measures soil pH No chemicals or litmus paper required Product specifically designed to be used in soil No batteries required 25

26. ORGANIZATION OF PRESENTATION Introduction Current Scenario Patent Research Literature Review Objective Proposed System System Flow Algorithm Technologies Used Final Prototype Calibration/Interfacing Experiment Results Application Areas Advantages Patent Registration Future Scope 26

27. FINAL PROTOTYPE 27

28. ORGANIZATION OF PRESENTATION Introduction Current Scenario Patent Research Literature Review Objective Proposed System System Flow Algorithm Technologies Used Final Prototype Calibration/Interfacing Experiment Results Application Areas Advantages Patent Registration Future Scope 28

29. CALIBRATION/INTERFACING  Analog Voltage on Probes low in resolution Range : 0-100 mV  Voltage Divider circuit implemented Range : 0-2.5 V  Output given to ADC pins  Corresponding ADC values checked  Calibration done accordingly 29

30. ORGANIZATION OF PRESENTATION Introduction Current Scenario Patent Research Literature Review Objective Proposed System System Flow Algorithm Technologies Used Calibration/Interfacing Experiment Results Application Areas Advantages Patent Registration Future Scope 30

31. EXPERIMENT RESULTS Output for various pH ranges – Soil pH < 5.5 : Dissolve 100kg Sodium hydroxide in 200 litres water + 5kg Humic acid. Mix the whole contents in 2 tonnes of Lime and allow to dry Quantity- 200-250 kg/acre 5.5 <= Soil pH < 6 : Lime Quantity- 91kg/1000 sq.ft. or 1.1ton/acre 6 <= Soil pH < 7.5 : Appropriate soil pH conditions 31

32. EXPERIMENT RESULTS Output for various pH ranges – 7.5 <= Soil pH < 8 : Elemental sulfur Quantity- 11 kg/1000 sq.ft. or 440 kg/acre Soil pH >= 8 : Aluminum Sulphate Quantity- 200 kg/1000 sq.ft. or 8.4 ton/acre 32

33. EXPERIMENT RESULTS Output for moisture range – Soil Moisture < 80% : Moisture level lower than threshold. Water supply required Soil Moisture >= 80% : Moisture saturation level reached. Switch off water supply 33

34. ORGANIZATION OF PRESENTATION Introduction Current Scenario Patent Research Literature Review Objective Proposed System System Flow Algorithm Technologies Used Calibration/Interfacing Experiment Results Application Areas Advantages Patent Registration Future Scope 34

35. APPLICATION AREAS  Farms  Orchards  Vineyards  Green-houses 35

36. ORGANIZATION OF PRESENTATION Introduction Current Scenario Patent Research Literature Review Objective Proposed System System Flow Algorithm Technologies Used Calibration/Interfacing Experiment Results Application Areas Advantages Patent Registration Future Scope 36

37. ADVANTAGES  Real Time Parameter Monitoring  Low Cost  Low Power Consumption  Remote Monitoring Possible  Portable  Reduction in Manual Labour & Time  Conservation of Water and Electricity 37

38. ORGANIZATION OF PRESENTATION Introduction Current Scenario Patent Research Literature Review Objective Proposed System System Flow Algorithm Technologies Used Calibration/Interfacing Experiment Results Application Areas Advantages Patent Registration Future Scope 38

39. PATENT REGISTRATION Title : SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR GSM BASED SOIL MONITORING Patent Application : 1409/MUM/2013 Dated : 15/04/2013 Patent Office : Govt. of India The claims of our project are - 39

40. PATENT REGISTRATION  System claim A system for monitoring soil parameters comprising, a.atleast one soil moisture sensing module; b.atleast one soil pH sensing module; c.atleast one microcontroller module; and d.a GSM module; 40

41. PATENT REGISTRATION Wherein soil moisture sensing module is capable of monitoring the moisture content of soil; and Wherein soil pH sensing module is capable of monitoring the pH value of soil; and Wherein the microcontroller module is capable of processing the monitored data in accordance with a predefined algorithm directing to a pre-populated database reflecting the contact information for the communication; and Wherein the GSM module is capable of transmitting monitored data to a user wirelessly 41

42. PATENT REGISTRATION  Method claim A method for reducing onfield water wastage and maintaining pH value of the soil, the method comprising the steps of a. monitoring soil pH and soil moisture; b. processing monitored data; c. notifying the user with outcome of data processing on mobile phone 42

43. PATENT REGISTRATION Wherein monitoring the soil pH and moisture fetches the values in real time and provide the microcontroller the values for processing; and Wherein processing the monitored data according to a predefined algorithm provides the user with a solution for maintaining the soil pH and soil moisture; and Wherein notifying the user with the outcome of data processing on his mobile phone allows remote soil monitoring providing the user with the ease of location 43

44. ORGANIZATION OF PRESENTATION Introduction Current Scenario Patent Research Literature Review Objective Proposed System System Flow Algorithm Technologies Used Calibration/Interfacing Experiment Results Application Areas Advantages Patent Registration Future Scope 44

45. FUTURE SCOPE This system can be improved further by monitoring and controlling other parameters as well like- Temperature Soil nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur Surrounding gases 45