1. Vocabulary Cards Study your cards everyday! Together we will get our CST scores better than ever! You can do it if you do your part!

2. RATIONAL NUMERS Rational numbers can be written as RATIOS (FRACTIONS)!!!! Rational Numbers include: Whole Numbers (0,1,2,3,....) Integers (the number line:...-1, 0, 1...) Fractions Decimals: repeating or terminating Perfect square because there answers are whole numbers

3. Irrational Numbers These numbers cannot be written in fraction form They include things like: Nonrepeating, Nonterminating Decimals:.324789768452462... (no pattern and continues FOREVER) Pi Imperfect squares √7: because their answers are nonrepeating and nonterminating decimals 

4. CoefficientThe number in front of a variable. Example: 7x The coefficient is 1 ConstantA number that stands alone. No variable attached to it. Value doesn’t change Example: 1 + 2x The constant is 1 VariableA letter or symbol that can represent any number Example: x, 7y, 8j The variables are: x, y, j

5. Adding Integers with the same sign Add the numbers keep the sign Ex: -3 + (-9) = - 12 3 + 9 = 12 Adding integers with different signs Subtract numbers take the sign of the “bigger” number Ex: -3 + 9 = 6 3 + (-9) = -6 Subtracting IntegersAdd the opposite then follow the adding rules Ex: -3 – 9 = -3 + (-9) = -12 -3 – (-9) = -3 + 9 = 6 3 – 9 = 3 + (-9) = -6 3 – (-9) = 3 + 9 = 12

6. Multiplying integers with the same sign Multiply the numbers and your final answer will be POSITIVE Ex: - 2  (-9) = 18 2  (9) = 18 Multiplying integers with different signs Multiply the numbers and your final answer will be NEGATIVE Ex: - 2  (9) = -18 2  (-9) = -18

7. Dividing integers with the same sign Divide the numbers and your answer will be positive Ex: 18 = 2 9 -18 = 2 - 9 Dividing integers with different signs Divide the number and your answer will be negative Ex: - 18 = - 2 9 18 = - 2 - 9

8. FractionsPart to whole comparison. Set up as: Denominator (Part) Numerator (Whole) Ex: We ordered a 12 piece pizza and John ate 4 of the twelve pieces, what fraction of the pizza did John eat? (Simplify) 4 ÷ 4 = 1 12 ÷ 4 = 3

9. Least Common Multiple (Denominator)Is the smallest multiple two or more numbers have in common on the multiplication table Ex: Find the LCM of 3 and 8 List of multiples 3 = 3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27, 30, 33, 36.. 8 = 8, 16, 24,32,40,48, 56, 64,72,80, 88... The first number they share is 24!!! That’s there LCM!!!

10. Adding Fractions With the same Denominator Add the Numerators KEEP the Denominator. Reduce/Simplify if possible. Numerator + Numerator Denominator Ex: 2 + 3 = 5 7 7 7

11. Adding Fractions with Different Denominator You MUST always have the same denominator!!!! Change so you have the same denominator: Find the LCM of the denominators (refer to LCM card if forgotten) Ex: the LCM between 7 and 3 = 21 4  3 = 12 7  3 = 21 + 1  7 = 7 3  7 = 21 19 Add numerators 21 keep denominators

12. Subtracting Fractions with the Same Denominator Subtract the Numerators and KEEP the denominators!!! Numerator - Numerator Denominator Ex: 3 - 2 = 1 7 7 7

13. Subtracting Fractions with Different Denominators You MUST always have the same denominator!!!! Change so you have the same denominator: Find the LCM of the denominators (refer to LCM card if forgotten) Ex: the LCM between 7 and 3 = 21 4  3 = 12 7  3 = 21 - 1  7 = 7 3  7 = 21 5 Subtract the Numerators 21 Keep the denomnators

14. Multiplying FractionsJust numerator with numerator and denominator with denominator. Reduce/Simplify if possible Numerator  Numerator Denominator  Denominator Example: 2  8 = 2  8 = 16 5 9 5  9 = 45

15. Dividing FractionsTo Divide Fraction we multiply by the reciprocal (flip the second fraction upside down). Simplify/reduce if possible. Numerator  Denominator Denominator  Numerator Example: 2 ÷ 8 = 2  9 = 18 5÷ 9 = 5  8 = 40 18 ÷ 2 = 9 reduce!!! 40 ÷ 2 = 20

16. PowerRepeated Multiplication Parts: B ase exponent Example: x 5 = x  x  x  x  x

17. Zero ExponentsAny power with an exponent of zero = 1 x 0 = 1 100 0 = 1 3 0 = 1 150,000,000 0 = 1

18. Negative ExponentsWe can NOT have negative exponents, so we reciprocal (flip) our power and change the exponent to positive. Move the power down or up to make the exponent positive. Examples: x -3 = 1 x 3 1 = y 5 Y -5 2k -2 = 2 k 2

19. Multiplying powers with the same base Add the exponents keep the base Example x 3  x 6 = x 3 + 6 = x 9 10 3  10 = 10 3  10 1 = 10 3+1 = 10 4

20. Dividing powers with the same base Subtract the exponents KEEP the base Examples: y 7 = y 7-5 = y 2 y 5 8 10 = 8 10 - 12 = 8 -2 = 1 negative exponent 8 12 8 2

21. Power of a powerMultiply the exponents and keep the base Example: ( x 3 ) 4 = x 3  4 = x 12 (x 4 ) 2 = x 4  2 = x 8 (y) = y 1  2 y 2

22. MonomialsA number, or a product of a number and one or more variables with whole number exponents Examples: 7, 7x, 7x 2, 7x 4 y 7

23. Simplifying Monomials in Multiplication 1. Separate the coefficients and variables 3x 2  2x 2 = 3  x 2  2  x 2 2. Multiply the constants 3  2 = 6 3. Follow power rules for multiplication for the same base x 2  x 2 = x 2+2 = x 4 4. Bring together 6x 4

24. Simplifying Monomials in Division 1. Separate the coefficients and variables 6x 2 = 6  x 3 2x 2 = 2  x 2 2. Divide the constants 6 = 3 2 3. Follow power rules for Division for the same base x 3 = x 3-2 = x 1 x 2 4. Bring together 3x 1 or just 3x