1. Arrangement of Particles
D. Crowley, 2007

2. Arrangement Of Particles
Thursday, April 20, 2017
Arrangement Of Particles
To know how particles are arranged in solids, liquids and gases

3. Arrangement
Look at the following substances – can you separate them into 3 different categories…

4. Arrangement
One way to separate the following would be into gases, liquids and solids…
Solid
Solid
Gas
Liquid
Liquid
Liquid
Solid
Gas
Gas

5. Particles What is a particle? What is the particle theory?
Brainstorm with your partner what you think a particle is…
The particle theory says that all things are made of tiny pieces, called particles
Solids, liquids and gasses all have different arrangements of these particles, giving them their special properties…
All materials are made up of particles

6. Solids, Liquids & Gases Solids Liquids Gases
Solids, liquids and gases are the three states of matter
Their particles are arranged differently, giving them their special properties…
Do you know how these particles are arranged?
Solids
Liquids
Gases

7. Solids, Liquids & Gases Solids Liquids Gases
Solids, liquids and gases are the three states of matter
Their particles are arranged differently, giving them their special properties…
Do you know how these particles are arranged?
Solids
Liquids
Gases

8. Solids What examples are there of solids?
What can we say about the particles in a solid?
The particles are very close together
The particles are arranged in a regular pattern
The particles cannot move from place to place, but the particles can vibrate in a fixed position
Solids are held together by strong forces called bonds
Solids have a fixed shape, e.g. wood, plastic, steel, ice (solid water)
Why do solids have a fixed shape? Why can solids not be compressed (squashed)?
Solids have a fixed shape because the particles cannot move from place to place
Solids cannot be compressed because the particles are very close together, and have no space to move into

9. Liquids What examples are there of liquids?
What can we say about the particles in a liquid?
The particles are close together
The particles are arranged in a random way
The particles can move around each other - the bonds in a liquid are strong enough to keep the particles together, but weak enough to let them move around
Liquids flow, and can change shape, e.g. water, lemonade, mercury, (all liquids at room temp.)
Why do liquids flow, and take the shape of their container? Why can liquids not be compressed (squashed)?
Liquids can change shape because the particles can move around each other
Liquids cannot be compressed because the particles are close together, and have no space to move into

10. Gases What examples are there of gases?
What can we say about the particles in a gas?
The particles are far apart
The particles are arranged in a random way
The particles can move quickly, in all directions - there are no bonds between the particles in a gas
Gases flow, and completely fill their container, e.g. air, helium, chlorine (gas at room temp.)
Why do gases flow, and completely fill their container? Why can gases be compressed (squashed)?
Gases can move quickly in all directions, filling their container
Gases can be compressed because the particles are far apart, and have space to move into

11. Properties Solids Liquids Gases
You need to draw out the particle theory boxes of a solid, liquid and gas.
The you need to copy out, and fill in the table below…
Solids
Liquids
Gases
State
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Arrangement of particles
Movement of particles
Close together
Regular pattern
Close together
Random
Far apart
Random
Vibrate on the spot
Move around each other
Move quickly in all directions

12. Compression (Squashing)
Look at the demonstration of compression in a solid, liquid and gas
Which of the syringes will we be able to compress, the syringe with the sand in, the water in, or the air in?
Why do you think some will compress, and other will not?
Solid -
no compression
Liquid -
no compression
Gas -
compression
Why is it the gas would compress, but the solid and liquid did not?!
Draw out this experiment, labeling the three syringes with the solid, liquid and gas in, and using your scientific knowledge of particles explain why only the gas compressed