1. Main Concept: Immune system How do we get sick? Or get better?
We contract disease through:
Direct contact
Airborne/inhalation
Broken skin (cuts)
Ingestion
5. Sexual intercourse
Insects
Blood transfusions

2. Pathogens are an organism or virus that causes disease .
Pathogens are an organism or virus that causes disease
(ex. Viruses, Bacteria, Fungi)
Antigen: Foreign Material

3. Types of Infections Bacterial Viral
Many can only survive at very specific temperatures
Are killed by antibiotics
Require living host to reproduce
Viruses are not alive

4. How do we get better?
The immune response: White blood cells

5. Immune Response is like an Army
Many different types of white blood cells and other cells that fight off infection. These cells communicate between each other and call for backup when reinforcements are needed to fight battles.

6. Inflammation
White blood cells troops concentrated in one area to fight infection is inflammation
DVD animation inflammation
Body temp:
last one

7. Essential Vocab Phagocyte-initial attack on antigen. “big eater”
Sound the alarm
T cells-kill infected cells and
activate T cells, reproduce
rapidly to fight the battle
B cells-Produce antibodies,
remember intruders
Antibodies-attach to antigens and group them together for the consumption by phagocytes

8. How do we get better?

9. Steps to Eliminating Disease
Phagocyte- “Big eaters” consumes pathogen, sounds alarm, and activates T-Cells
1st video
T-cells activated
by phagocytes,
reproduce quickly,
kill infected cells
and activate B-cells

10. .
B-cells: “memory cells” live a long time and remember all intruders so that they don’t need to be activated the next time the same intruder returns. This is the same as developing immunity. Also produces antibodies
Antibodies: “sheep-herders” Y-shaped cells that can attach to many pathogens at each end so that they can easily be eaten by phagocytes. Send signals for others to help.

11. Videos clips/animations
1st video 2nd row
2nd video 2nd row
DVD animation-humoral

12. Self vs non-self
Your immune system will attack anything that is recognizes as non-self. This includes:
-pathogens, transplanted organs, the wrong type of blood for a transfusion, even in some cases a fetus.

13. How do we prevent ourselves from becoming sick?
Stay healthy: your immune system is compromised if you do not sleep enough, drink enough water, and/or eat well (ex. College students)
-Vaccination-exposure to virus to build antibodies

14. Bacterial/Viral resistance or evolution
Bacteria and
viruses reproduce
so quickly and at
such high numbers
they can quickly
evolve to be
resistant to
antibiotics and
other drugs

15. Aids/HIV Compromised immune system
The virus attacks the T-cells which then attack themselves resulting in a weaker immune system. People with AIDs can die from infections by microorganisms that are usually benign