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Changing Demographics and Enrollment Trends Ken Esbenshade Associate Dean and Director of Academic Programs College of Agriculture and Life Sciences North Carolina State University
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Outline Demographic shifts of the US population during the past 100 years Patterns of student enrollment in secondary and post-secondary education Post-secondary enrollment trends in Agriculture and Animal Science Predictions of future trends Implications for academic programs in the agriculture disciplines
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Between 1900 and 2000, the mean center of US population moved about 324 miles west and 101 miles south
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US population became predominantly metropolitan 80% of the US population resides in a metropolitan area
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In 2000, more than 1/3 of the states had 75 % or more of their populations living in metropolitan areas
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Age and Gender Distribution of US Population
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Median age rose from 23 in 1900 to 35 in 2000
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Since 1970, the population of races other than White or Black has grown significantly
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The Hispanic population includes people who may be of any race. The Hispanic population more than doubled in size from 1980 to 2000
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In 1980 and 2000, Hispanics were much younger than non-Hispanics. Age and Gender Distribution of the Total Population by Hispanic Origin (2000)
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Average household size declined from 4.6 people per household in 1900 to 2.6 in 2000
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Foreign-Born US Population Year
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Percent Foreign Born by Region of Birth 19001990 Europe (85%) Europe (22%) Asia (1%) Asia (25%) Latin America (1%) All other (10%) Latin America (43%) All other (10%)
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Eight of every 10 immigrants live in 10 States
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Summary of Demographic Changes in the United States Population centers are moving South and West More people live in metropolitan areas The population is aging The population is becoming more diverse Percent of population that are immigrants has decreased Origin of immigrants has changed
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Number of High School Graduates and Students Attending Higher Education 19601970198019902000 Numbers in Thousands Year
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Number of Degrees Awarded Year
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Percentage of Bachelors Degrees Awarded by Gender Year Percentage of bachelors degrees awarded to females increased 107% between 1970 and 2000 and to males by 18%.
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Bachelors Degrees Awarded 3% of total 34% of total 63% of total Year
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Degrees Awarded in Agriculture and Natural Resources 1970 20001990 1980 Year 1.5 % of Bachelor Degrees Awarded 1.7
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Percentage of Degrees Awarded to Females and Minorities in Agriculture and Natural Resources Year Females Minorities Year
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Degrees Awarded in 2003 by Program Area
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Percentage of Degrees Awarded in the Animal Sciences by Gender (2003)
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Will the Changes in Demographics and College Enrollment Continue?
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Projected Percentage Change in US Population Between 2000 and 2050 by Age
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Projected Percentage Change in US Population Between 2000 and 2050 by Race *American Indian & Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian & Other Pacific Islander, and two or more races
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Projected Enrollment Increases in Higher Education (2004-2015) Total Enrollment15% Gender –Female18% –Male10% Race/Ethnicity –White 6% –Black27% –Asian & Pacific Islander28% –American Indian & Alaska Native30% –Non-Resident Alien34% –Hispanic42% Source: US Department of Education
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Implications Include learners of all ages, including the elderly (lifelong learning) Include more urbanites Include individuals from one- and two-person households Include more non-whites, particularly Hispanics & Asian/Pacific Islanders Include more females The Focus of Future Instruction Must:
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The changes currently being observed in the shift in US population will continue during the first half of the 21 st Century
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