1. IEEE 802.15.4 and Zigbee Overview

2. Topics 802.15.4 ZigBee Competing Technologies Products Some Motorola Projects Slide 2Joe Dvorak, Motorola9/27/05

3. Home Networking Automotive Networks Industrial Networks Interactive Toys Remote Metering IEEE 802.15.4 Applications Space Slide 3Joe Dvorak, Motorola 9/27/05

4. Some needs in the sensor networks Thousands of sensors in a small space  Wireless but sensors are frequently stand alone  Low Power and sensors are frequently isolated  Moderate Range. Some of the challenges facing the standards committee Slide 4Joe Dvorak, Motorola 9/27/05

5. 802.15.4 General Characteristics Data rates of 250 kb/s, 40 kb/s and 20 kb/s. Star or Peer-to-Peer operation. Support for low latency devices. Fully handshaked protocol for transfer reliability. Low power consumption. Frequency Bands of Operation 16 channels in the 2.4GHz ISM* band 10 channels in the 915MHz ISM band 1 channel in the European 868MHz band. * ISM: Industrial, Scientific, Medical Slide 5Joe Dvorak, Motorola9/27/05

6. IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Applications IEEE 802.15.4 2400 MHz PHY IEEE 802.15.4 868/915 MHz PHY 802.15.4 / ZigBee Architecture ZigBee Packet generation Packet reception Data transparency Power Management Slide 6Joe Dvorak, Motorola 9/27/05

7. IEEE 802.15.4 PHY Overview Operating Frequency Bands 868MHz / 915MHz PHY 2.4 GHz 868.3 MHz Channel 0 Channels 1-10 Channels 11-26 2.4835 GHz 928 MHz902 MHz 5 MHz 2 MHz 2.4 GHz PHY Slide 7Joe Dvorak, Motorola9/27/05

8. IEEE 802.15.4 PHY Overview Packet Structure Preamble Start of Packet Delimiter PHY Header PHY Service Data Unit (PSDU) PHY Packet Fields Preamble (32 bits) – synchronization Start of Packet Delimiter (8 bits) PHY Header (8 bits) – PSDU length PSDU (0 to 1016 bits) – Data field 6 Octets0-127 Octets Slide 8Joe Dvorak, Motorola 9/27/05

9. 802.15.4 Architecture IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Applications IEEE 802.15.4 2400 MHz PHY IEEE 802.15.4 868/915 MHz PHY Channel acquisition Contention mgt NIC address Error Correction ZigBee Slide 9Joe Dvorak, Motorola 9/27/05

10.  Extremely low cost  Ease of implementation  Reliable data transfer  Short range operation Very low power consumption Simple but flexible protocol IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Overview Design Drivers Slide 10Joe Dvorak, Motorola9/27/05

11. IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Overview Typical Network Topologies Slide 11Joe Dvorak, Motorola 9/27/05

12. Full function device (FFD) –Any topology –Network coordinator capable –Talks to any other device Reduced function device (RFD) –Limited to star topology –Cannot become a network coordinator –Talks only to a network coordinator –Very simple implementation IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Overview Device Classes Slide 12Joe Dvorak, Motorola9/27/05

13. Full function device Reduced function device Communications flow Master/slave PAN Coordinator IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Overview Star Topology Slide 13Joe Dvorak, Motorola 9/27/05

14. Full function deviceCommunications flow Point to point Cluster tree IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Overview Peer-Peer Topology Slide 14Joe Dvorak, Motorola9/27/05

15. Full function device Reduced function device Communications flow Clustered stars - for example, cluster nodes exist between rooms of a hotel and each room has a star network for control. IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Overview Combined Topology Slide 15Joe Dvorak, Motorola 9/27/05

16. IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Overview General Frame Structure 4 Types of MAC Frames: Data Frame Beacon Frame Acknowledgment Frame MAC Command Frame Slide 16Joe Dvorak, Motorola 9/27/05

17. Periodic data –Application defined rate (e.g. sensors) Intermittent data –Application/external stimulus defined rate (e.g. light switch) Repetitive low latency data –Allocation of time slots (e.g. mouse) IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Overview Traffic Types Slide 17Joe Dvorak, Motorola 9/27/05

18. 802.15.4 Architecture IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Applications IEEE 802.15.4 2400 MHz PHY IEEE 802.15.4 868/915 MHz PHY Network Routing Address translation Packet Segmentation Profiles ZigBee Slide 18Joe Dvorak, Motorola9/27/05

19. ZigBee Stack Architecture Slide 19Joe Dvorak, Motorola9/27/05

20. Typical ZigBee-Enabled Device Design Typical design consist of RF IC and 8-bit microprocessor with peripherals connected to an application sensor or actuators Slide 20Joe Dvorak, Motorola 9/27/05

21. Wireless Technology Comparison Chart 356  A 34KB /14KB Slide 21Joe Dvorak, Motorola9/27/05

22. Competing/Similar Technologies Bluetooth –http://www.bluetooth.orghttp://www.bluetooth.org –http://www.bluetooth.comhttp://www.bluetooth.com X10 –Powerline protocol first introduced in the 1970's. –http://www.x10.com/technology1.htmhttp://www.x10.com/technology1.htm Z-wave –Proprietary protocol for wireless home control networking. –http://www.z-wavealliance.com/http://www.z-wavealliance.com/ INSTEON –Peer-to-peer mesh networking product that features a hybrid radio/powerline transmission –http://www.insteon.nethttp://www.insteon.net nanoNET –Proprietary set of wireless sensor protocols, designed to compete with ZigBee. –http://www.nanotron.com/http://www.nanotron.com/ Slide 22Joe Dvorak, Motorola 9/27/05

23. 802.15.4/ZigBee Products Control4 Home Automation System http://www.control4.com/products/ components/complete.htm Eaton Home HeartBeat monitoring system www.homeheartbeat.com Chip Sets Ember, http://www.ember.com/index.htmlhttp://www.ember.com/index.html ChipCon, http://www.chipcon.comhttp://www.chipcon.com Freescale, http://www.freescale.comhttp://www.freescale.com Software, Development Kits AirBee, http://www.airbeewireless.com/pr oducts.php http://www.airbeewireless.com/pr oducts.php Software Technologies Group, http://www.stg.com/wireless/ http://www.stg.com/wireless/ Slide 23Joe Dvorak, Motorola9/27/05

24. Motorola Activity Implementation of 802.15.4 & ZigBee Aimed at enterprises –Asset Tracking –Security –Public Safety Range: 10m Transmission interval: ~ 4 minutes Nodes move, Controller does not Battery life: 1 week to several years (nodes with 2 AA batteries) Interfaces: machine-only NeuRFon TM Slide 24Joe Dvorak, Motorola 9/27/05

25. Motorola Activity Implementation of 802.15.4 only Aimed at consumers –Home device control –Location awareness –Personal reminders Range: 1 - 5m Phone is controller Both nodes and can controller move Battery life: ~1 week years (nodes with ~320 mAhr rechargeable battery) Transmission interval: 1 second Interfaces: machine and human Conformables TM SmartButton LoBe Janus Digital Paperclip Slide 25 Joe Dvorak, Motorola 9/27/05

26. More Information IEEE 2003 version of 802.15.4 MAC & Phy standard –http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.15.4-2003.pdfhttp://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.15.4-2003.pdf ZigBee Specification –http://www.zigbee.org/en/spec_download/download_request.asphttp://www.zigbee.org/en/spec_download/download_request.asp 802.15.4 Tutorial –http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/15/pub/2003/Jan03/03036r0P802- 15_WG-802-15-4-TG4-Tutorial.ppthttp://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/15/pub/2003/Jan03/03036r0P802- 15_WG-802-15-4-TG4-Tutorial.ppt –Slides 3 – 17 were adapted from this tutorial ZigBee Technology: Wireless Control that Simply Works –http://www.hometoys.com/htinews/oct03/articles/kinney/zigbee.htmhttp://www.hometoys.com/htinews/oct03/articles/kinney/zigbee.htm ZigBee Technology: Wireless Control that Simply Works –http://www.hometoys.com/htinews/oct03/articles/kinney/zigbee.htmhttp://www.hometoys.com/htinews/oct03/articles/kinney/zigbee.htm Home networking with Zigbee –http://www.embedded.com//showArticle.jhtml?articleID=18902431http://www.embedded.com//showArticle.jhtml?articleID=18902431 –Slides 19 – 21 were adapted from this article Can the competition lock ZigBee out of the home? –http://www.techworld.com/mobility/features/index.cfm?FeatureID=1809http://www.techworld.com/mobility/features/index.cfm?FeatureID=1809