1. CLINICAL ENGINEERING part(1) Dr. Dalia H. Elkamchouchi CLINICAL ENGINEERING part(1) Dr. Dalia H. Elkamchouchi CLINICAL ENGINEERING part(1)

2. Evolution of Clinical Engineering Engineers were first encouraged to enter the clinical scene during the late 1960s in response to concerns about patient safety as well as the rapid spread of clinical equipment

3. Clinical Engineering When Biomedical engineers works within a hospital or clinic, they are properly called clinical engineers Clinical Environment Is defined as that portion of the health care system in which patient care is delivered and clinical activities include direct patient care,research teaching and public service activities intended to enhance patient care.

4. Clinical Engineer Departments : *The logical support center for all medical technologies. *Responsible for all the biomedical instruments and systems used in hospitals. *The training of medical personal in equipment use and safety. *Design,selection and using technology to deliver safe and effective health care

5. Engineering Concepts Clinical Engineering – “A Clinical Engineer is a professional who supports and advances patient care by applying engineering and managerial skills to healthcare technology.“ - ACCE Definition, 1992 Other terms used to specify this professional are: – Healthcare engineer, hospital engineer, biomedical equipment technician, equipment managers, technology manager, biomedical engineer, maintenance engineer, healthcare technologist.

6. Clinical & Hospital Engineering Clinical Engineering equipment responsibilities – Infusion pumps, defibrillators, monitors, x-ray machines, cath scan, MRI, ultrasound, ventilators, surgical table and lights, electrosurgical units, pulse oxymeters, CT scan, etc. Hospital Engineering equipment responsibilities – HVAC, medical gases, electrical systems, medical compressed air, vacuum systems, elevators, construction support, communication systems, vehicles, steam, hot water, etc.

7. Hospitals Organization and the Role of Clinical Engineer In the hospital,management organization has evolved into a diffuse authority structure that is commonly referred to as the triad model. The three primary components are: 1-Governing Board (Trustees) 2-Hospital administration and administrative staff 3-Medical Staff organization

8. Typical Engineering Responsibilities 1-Supervision of a hospital clinical engineering department that includes clinical engineers and biomedical equipment technicians (BMET’s) 2-Prepurchase evaluation and planning for a new medical technology. 3-Design,modification, or repair of sophisticated medical instruments or systems 4- Budget preparation, cost effective management of a medical equipment calibration and repair service 5-Supervision of the safety and performance testing of medical equipment performed by BMETs 6- Inspections, audits, evaluation, survey, technical reports.

9. Typical Engineering Responsibilities 7-Establishment of performance benchmarks for all equipments 8-Medical equipment inventory control 9-Training of medical personnel in the safe and effective use of medical devices and systems 10-Biomedical computer support. 11-Input to the design of clinical facilities where medical technology is used e.g: operating rooms(Ors),intensive care units. 12-Development and implementation of documentation protocols required by external accreditation and licensing agencies.

10. Engineering or Maintenance ? GENERAL ADMINISTRATION SERVICE XSERVICE Y MAINTENANCE SERVICE PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE

11. GENERAL ADMINISTRATION SERVICE XSERVICE YENGINEERING CLINICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY PLANNING PATIENT SAFETY QUALITY ASSURANCE MAINTENANCE PROGRAM Preventive Maintenance Corrective Maintenance OTHER PROGRAMS HOSPITAL ENGINEERING Engineering !!!