1. Team Delta Case Study #2 Team Leader - Alicia Sanders Team Members - Lisa Bateman Jami Schroeder Karla Thies Lori Thomas-Johnson Cheryl Torres Team Leader - Alicia Sanders Team Members - Lisa Bateman Jami Schroeder Karla Thies Lori Thomas-Johnson Cheryl Torres

2. The Meaning of Legal Holidays There is no requirement that municipal offices must be closed on legal holidays. Those that do close, do so by choice or because employees have won the right to take the day off in contract negotiations.

3. The verdict is in… Engel v. Vital, 1962 and Abington v. Schempp, 1963 ruled public schools should not contribute to the teaching of religion, but MAY teach about religion. BUT… Celebrating holidays has been left up to the lower courts and rule that recognition of holidays may be constitutional if the purpose is to teach secular instruction rather than to promote a particular religion. Engel v. Vital, 1962 and Abington v. Schempp, 1963 ruled public schools should not contribute to the teaching of religion, but MAY teach about religion. BUT… Celebrating holidays has been left up to the lower courts and rule that recognition of holidays may be constitutional if the purpose is to teach secular instruction rather than to promote a particular religion.

4. What steps should school districts take? 1. Develop policies about the treatment of religious holidays in the curricula and inform parents of those policies. 2. Offer pre-service and in-service workshops to assist teachers and administrators in understanding the appropriate place of religious holidays in the schools. 3. Become familiar with the nature and needs of the religious groups in the school community. 4. Provide resources for teaching about religions and religious holidays in ways that are constitutionally permissible and educationally sound. 1. Develop policies about the treatment of religious holidays in the curricula and inform parents of those policies. 2. Offer pre-service and in-service workshops to assist teachers and administrators in understanding the appropriate place of religious holidays in the schools. 3. Become familiar with the nature and needs of the religious groups in the school community. 4. Provide resources for teaching about religions and religious holidays in ways that are constitutionally permissible and educationally sound.

5. Pledge of Allegiance Illinois School Code Policy # 105 ILCS 5/27-3 His original Pledge read as follows: 'I pledge allegiance to my Flag and (to*) the Republic for which it stands, one nation, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.' He considered placing the word, 'equality,' in his Pledge, but knew that the state superintendents of education on his committee were against equality for women and African Americans. [ * 'to' added in October, 1892. ] In 1954, Congress after a campaign by the Knights of Columbus, added the words, 'under God,' to the Pledge. The Pledge was now both a patriotic oath and a public prayer. Minersville School District v. Gobitis (1940) This case required the Court to balance the religious interests of the Jehovah's Witness children with the secular interests of the school district. The Supreme Court found that the school district had a strong interest in creating unity that was sufficient to permit them to urge students to salute the flag. His original Pledge read as follows: 'I pledge allegiance to my Flag and (to*) the Republic for which it stands, one nation, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.' He considered placing the word, 'equality,' in his Pledge, but knew that the state superintendents of education on his committee were against equality for women and African Americans. [ * 'to' added in October, 1892. ] In 1954, Congress after a campaign by the Knights of Columbus, added the words, 'under God,' to the Pledge. The Pledge was now both a patriotic oath and a public prayer. Minersville School District v. Gobitis (1940) This case required the Court to balance the religious interests of the Jehovah's Witness children with the secular interests of the school district. The Supreme Court found that the school district had a strong interest in creating unity that was sufficient to permit them to urge students to salute the flag.

6. …Pledge of Allegiance Red Skelton's Pledge of Allegiance http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kfz2XDXaeqc Red Skelton's Pledge of Allegiance http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kfz2XDXaeqc

7. Pre-Game Prayers Santa Fe Independent School District v. Jane Doe ruling, in 2000, by the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that prayer does not belong in public schools, even if students initiate and lead the prayers. The court ruled 6-3 in a Texas case that public schools cannot allow student-led prayer before high school football games, this violates Establishment clause

8. Jehovah Witness Certain prior consultation with parents is most important on the content of the lessons to be taught. Parents may agree to permit student to take part in lesson or may prohibit them in which case the student will have an alternative setting. Schools should be aware that they only honor Jehovah, so they do not salute the flag or stand during the national anthem. They also do not participate in such activities as voting. Certain prior consultation with parents is most important on the content of the lessons to be taught. Parents may agree to permit student to take part in lesson or may prohibit them in which case the student will have an alternative setting. Schools should be aware that they only honor Jehovah, so they do not salute the flag or stand during the national anthem. They also do not participate in such activities as voting.

9. …Jehovah Witness Collective Worship: JW’s have no objection to attending a general “school assembly” as long as it is not for the purpose of “collective worship”. Charitable Activities: Parents are willing to allow their student to take part in the school’s general charitable activity. However, they would never allow charitable causes toward the remembrance of war; like wear a red poppy. Festivals: When lessons are about celebrations of world faiths students should not participate. Activities that surround such celebrations as Halloween or Christmas should be changed to an alternative project. If you are creating a Christmas scene, the JW student could create a winter scene as an acceptable alternative. Collective Worship: JW’s have no objection to attending a general “school assembly” as long as it is not for the purpose of “collective worship”. Charitable Activities: Parents are willing to allow their student to take part in the school’s general charitable activity. However, they would never allow charitable causes toward the remembrance of war; like wear a red poppy. Festivals: When lessons are about celebrations of world faiths students should not participate. Activities that surround such celebrations as Halloween or Christmas should be changed to an alternative project. If you are creating a Christmas scene, the JW student could create a winter scene as an acceptable alternative.

10. Resources: Fhttp://www.lib.niu.edu/1988/im880321.htmlhttp://www.lib.niu.edu/1988/im880321.html FBaer, John. The Pledge of Allegiance, A Revised History and Analysis, 2007, Annapolis, Md. Free State Press, Inc., 2007. Fhttp://atheism.about.com/library/decisions/religion/bl_l_Minersvi lleGobitis.htmhttp://atheism.about.com/library/decisions/religion/bl_l_Minersvi lleGobitis.htm Fhttp://archives.cnn.com/2000/LAW/06/19/scotus.schoolprayer.0 1/index.htmlhttp://archives.cnn.com/2000/LAW/06/19/scotus.schoolprayer.0 1/index.html Fhttp://www.learningwithsouthglos.org Fhttp://www.lib.niu.edu/1988/im880321.htmlhttp://www.lib.niu.edu/1988/im880321.html FBaer, John. The Pledge of Allegiance, A Revised History and Analysis, 2007, Annapolis, Md. Free State Press, Inc., 2007. Fhttp://atheism.about.com/library/decisions/religion/bl_l_Minersvi lleGobitis.htmhttp://atheism.about.com/library/decisions/religion/bl_l_Minersvi lleGobitis.htm Fhttp://archives.cnn.com/2000/LAW/06/19/scotus.schoolprayer.0 1/index.htmlhttp://archives.cnn.com/2000/LAW/06/19/scotus.schoolprayer.0 1/index.html Fhttp://www.learningwithsouthglos.org