1. Alex Richman

3.  History of Hydrogen Fuel Cells  How They Work  Key Players ◦ Economical ◦ Political  Long Island’s First Hydrogen Fuel Station  Hawaii Hydrogen Initiative (H2I)

4.  Hydrogen fuel cells date back to as early as 1839  First commercial application1955  1991 Roger Billings was the first person to develop a working hydrogen powered car  The Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technical Advisory Committee (HTAC) was established under Section 807 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 ◦ Provides technical and programmatic advice to the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Energy

7.  According to The Guardian, President Obama wants to be oil independent by 2020  According to the Washington Post, Obama wants to cut research in hydrogen by 40%  $187 million dollars devoted. Washington Post says “that's barely enough to cover one year's bonuses on the lower floors at AIG”  Lack of infrastructure

8.  Automakers ◦ Honda ◦ Toyota ◦ General Motors  Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technical Advisory Committee (HTAC)  McCormick -“I resigned because of the closed- mindedness of the administration on these matters.”  President Barack Obama

9.  Key Players ◦ Kate Murray  Town of Hempstead Supervisor ◦ New York State Energy Research Development Authority (NYSERDA) ◦ National Grid ◦ GM, Toyota, Ford ‣Location - Hempstead, Long Island, New York  Expertise required ◦ Urban Development ◦ Hydrogen Fuel Cells ◦ Designing of fueling stations

10.  Cost of the Project $2.2 million dollars ◦ 50% through tax subsidies ◦ NYSERDA, National Grid ◦ Toyota donated two hydrogen vehicles and Ford donated a Shuttle Bus  Beneficiaries ◦ Car manufacturers ◦ People living in the area ◦ Elderly  Losers ◦ Communities that have not received funding for a fuel station ◦ Taxpayers that wanted their money to be spent elsewhere  Barriers ◦ Funding - took time to get the money due to the financial coverage ◦ Needed a location for the project  Impact ◦ Cleaner Environment ◦ Push for hydrogen vehicles ◦ Push to build a fueling station in Manhattan  Taxi’s run on hydrogen

11.  Key Players ◦ General Motors ◦ The Gas Company (TGC) ◦ Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism (DBEDT) ◦ U.S. Department of Energy ◦ Fuel Cell Energy ◦ Aloha Petroleum Ltd. ◦ Louis Berger National Renewable Energy Laboratory ◦ The County of Hawaii ◦ University of California – Irvine, and the University of Hawaii  Location ◦ Oahu

12.  Expertise required ◦ Urban Development ◦ Hydrogen Fuel Cells ◦ Designing of Fuel Station  Funded ◦ GM and The Gas Company ◦ Supported by the DBEDT ◦ U.S. Department of Energy

13.  Beneficiaries ◦ The Gas Company ◦ GM and other automakers ◦ Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism ◦ People employed by the project  Losers ◦ People that do not want fuel stations to be located near them ◦ Taxpayers that wanted their money to be spent elsewhere ◦ People who will want to purchase a hydrogen vehicle  Barriers ◦ Funding ◦ Need locations for the stations  Impact ◦ Cleaner Environment ◦ Push for hydrogen vehicles ◦ Push to build stations in other parts of Hawaii  Cheaper fuel prices  Reduce the state’s 90 percent dependence on imported oil  Get 70 percent or more of Hawaii’s energy through energy efficiency and clean, renewable resources

14.  Many barriers that need to be overcome ◦ Funding ◦ Dependence on oil and batteries  Projects are a stepping stone for more infrastructure  Advantages ◦ Reliable, renewable ◦ No CO2 emissions, water byproduct ◦ Hydrogen Vehicles are 60 -70% efficient ◦ Driving range (400 miles) exceeds other alternative fuel vehicles (less space and weight)  2015

16.  Need government subsidies  Need to standardize hydrogen fuel station infrastructure  Write letters to congress  Keeping oil prices high and lithium battery prices high  DOE needs to invest more into hydrogen research

17.  Pictures ◦ http://www.soultek.com/blog/labels/fuel%20cells.html ◦ http://its.berkeley.edu/btl/2011/winter/hydrogen ◦ http://www.tymco.com/environment/ ◦ http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/archive/MSD-H-fuel- cells.html ◦ http://www.techeblog.com/index.php/tech-gadget/bmws- liquid-hydrogen-fueled-v12 ◦ http://wheels.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/12/08/g-m-has- hydrogen-hopes-for-hawaii/ ◦ http://www1.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/facts/2006 _fcvt_fotw423.html ◦ http://fuelcellsworks.com/news/2011/03/29/long- islands-first-hydrogen-fuel-station-powers-hempsteads- new-pollution-free-cars-for-inaugural-drive/

18.  Paper ◦ http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/35838273/ns/business- oil_and_energy/ http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/35838273/ns/business- oil_and_energy/ ◦ http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09082003- 121021/unrestricted/hicknerdissertation.pdf http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09082003- 121021/unrestricted/hicknerdissertation.pdf ◦ http://fatheromalley.com/DoItYourselfHydrogen.aspx http://fatheromalley.com/DoItYourselfHydrogen.aspx ◦ http://media.gm.com/content/media/us/en/news/news_detail.brand _gm.html/content/Pages/news/us/en/2010/Dec/1208_fuelcell http://media.gm.com/content/media/us/en/news/news_detail.brand _gm.html/content/Pages/news/us/en/2010/Dec/1208_fuelcell ◦ http://money.usnews.com/money/personal- finance/articles/2008/01/11/hydrogenfuel-cells http://money.usnews.com/money/personal- finance/articles/2008/01/11/hydrogenfuel-cells ◦ http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/fuels/stations_counts.html http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/fuels/stations_counts.html ◦ http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp- dyn/content/article/2009/11/16/AR2009111602668.html http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp- dyn/content/article/2009/11/16/AR2009111602668.html ◦ http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/automakers_pro mote_hydrogen_cars_obama_administration_remains_skeptical/2011/ 04/13/AFnQ84iD_story.html?wprss=rss_homepage http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/automakers_pro mote_hydrogen_cars_obama_administration_remains_skeptical/2011/ 04/13/AFnQ84iD_story.html?wprss=rss_homepage ◦ http://its.berkeley.edu/btl/2011/winter/hydrogen http://its.berkeley.edu/btl/2011/winter/hydrogen