1. SOUTH AMERICA ANCIENT HISTORY

2. MESOAMERICAN EMPIRES MESOAMERICAN LOCATION NOTABLE EMPIRE ACHIEVEMENTS Maya The Yucatan Peninsula, present-day Mexico, Belize, Guatemala Hieroglyphic writing, astronomy, calendar, math, team sports Inca Present-day Peru, Highway system, Ecuador, Chile central govt Aztec Present Mexico CityGreat Temple of Tenochititlan

3. MAYAN

4. THE MAYA Before cities, lived in villages grew corn, beans and squash Slash-and-burn agriculture is burning vegetation to clear land for planting Trade http://www.history.com/topics/may a/videos#the-mayans

5. WHAT ABOUT SANDY???????

6. MAYA- CITIES/ GOVERNMENT Classic Age 250-900 AD built cities Cities contained stone pyramids, temples, palaces (built honor gods/rulers) City-states each had own ruler & govt Linked in 2 ways 1. trade 2. warfare

7. MAYA- SOCIETY/ RELIGION http://www.youtube.c om/watch?v=Zul8w1RY ypk http://www.youtube.c om/watch?v=Zul8w1RY ypk Kings great influence, believed kings communicate with gods Worshipped many gods Performed private/public rituals, blood to gods (piercing tongue/skin) Playing Ball Game Upper Class- Priests/ Warriors Lower Class- Farmers/slaves

8. MAYA- ACHIEVEMENTS Impressive buildings and architecture Astronomy, math, writing Calendar system 365 day farming 260 day religious #system- concept of zero Glyphs- symbols represented objects/ sounds Codex - written book

9. MAYA-DECLINE 1. Environmental damage, overuse of resources/ drought 2. Warfare competition over land 3. Abuse of power

10. AZTECS

11. Legend- look for eagle perched on cactus eating snake, build city there Lake Texcoco- Tenochtitlan Formed alliance with other city-states Pay tribute, type of tax, basis of economy Military force destroy towns

12. AZTEC- SOCIETY/ RELIGION King (Royal Family) Priests (Interpreted calendar & performed religious ceremonies) Merchants & Artisans (goods for tribute) Farmers (poor, paid so much in tribute) Slaves (captured/ didn’t pay debt)

13. AZTEC-ACHIEVEMENTS Arts and science Bright feathers into headdresses Metalworkers (gold, silver, copper, jewelry/masks) Stonework on temples Writing tax records & business deals

15. INCA

16. INCA EMPIRE Began expansion from Andes 1400s Leader was Pachacuti - used political alliances & military force gain territory Height population around 12 million

17. INCA EMPIRE Government  Emperor most power  Needed help, didn’t want people conquered to gain power  Moved in new leaders loyal to Inca Empire  Created stability  Military protected internal/ external attacks

18. INCA EMPIRE Economy  Common people require to pay a labor tax called mita  Mita paid by women weaving clothes, men work govt farms, mines  No markets but govt distributed food  Govt kept extra goods

19. INCA EMPIRE Economy  Used quipu or set of colored and knotted cords keep track of goods  Colors and knots represented numbers or dates  No written language  Used quipu record tax records, livestock, population  Road system communication/ control economy

20. INCA EMPIRE Society  Ayllu -each family grouped into a cooperative community  Each group of 10 ayllus had a chief  Worked together on different tasks (farming, building canals, performing religious rituals)

21. INCA EMPIRE Society  Class divisions but no slaves  Lower Class  farmers, artisans, servants( plain clothes, serve upper class)  Upper Class  King, govt officials, priests (DO NOT pay labor tax)  Religion- worship Sun God, sacrifices of llamas, cloth, food

22. INCA- ACHIEVEMENTS Talented buildings (temples, forts, roads- still standing) Art- metalwork Weavers- wool & cotton (patterns status in society)