1. Splash Screen

2. Section 2: Climate and Vegetation Summary
Introduction
Section 1: The Land
Section 2: Climate and Vegetation
Summary
Chapter Menu

3. Geography and the environment play an important role in how a society is shaped over time. Stories in the news talk about the importance of the environment in the United States and Canada. Studying the physical geography will explain the significance of the region’s natural features and how the environment affects the region’s people.
Chapter Intro 1

4. Section 1: The Land
How has physical geography affected the development of the United States and Canada?
Chapter Intro 2

5. Section 2: Climate and Vegetation
What factors cause variations in climate and vegetation in most of the United States and Canada?
Chapter Intro 3

6. Chapter Preview-End

7. The Land
How has physical geography affected the development of the United States and Canada?
Section 1-GTR

8. The Land divide fossil fuel fishery aquaculture headwaters tributary
fall line
accumulated
crucial
enormous
Section 1-GTR

9. The Land A. Mount McKinley B. Rocky Mountains C. Canadian Shield
D. Appalachian Mountains
E. Mississippi River
F. Great Lakes
Section 1-GTR

10. The Land Mt. McKinley is located in what Pacific Range?
A. Sierra Nevada
B. Alaska Range
C. Cascade range A B C
Section 1

11. Landforms
Water, wind, and geologic forces shape the landscapes of the United States and Canada.
Mountains rise at the eastern and western edges of the United States and Canada.
Section 1

12. Landforms (cont.) The Pacific Ranges include the: Sierra Nevada
Cascade Range
Coast Range
Alaska Range
The Rocky Mountains link the United States and Canada.
Section 1

13. Landforms (cont.)
The Appalachian Mountains lie in the east of the United States and Canada.
Plains, plateaus, and lowlands:
The Columbia Plateau
The Colorado Plateau
The Great Plains
The Atlantic Coastal Plain
Gulf Coastal Plain
Columbia Plateau
Section 1

14. Landforms (cont.) Islands: Hawaii Greenland Newfoundland
Manhattan Island
Columbia Plateau
Section 1

15. Which of the following is North America’s oldest mountains?
A. Alaska Range
B. Rocky Mountains
C. Appalachian Mountains
D. Coast Range A B C D
Section 1

16. Water Systems
Lakes and rivers in the United States and Canada are important to economic development in the region.
Rivers:
The Mackenzie River
The Colorado
The Rio Grande
The Mississippi River
St. Lawrence River
The Niagara River
Section 1

17. Water Systems (cont.) Lakes and other waterways: Great Lakes
Great Bear Lake
Great Slave Lake
The Great Lakes–St. Lawrence Seaway System
The Fall Line
Section 1

18. One of the world’s busiest commercial waterways is which river?
A. The Mississippi
B. The Colorado
C. The Niagara
D. The Rio Grande A B C D
Section 1

19. Natural Resources
Abundant natural resources have made the United States and Canada wealthy, but these resources and the areas in which they are found need protection.
Leading natural resources in the United States and Canada:
Fossil fuels
Mineral resources
Timber
Fishing
The Growth of Aquaculture
Section 1

20. Most farmland is owned for what purpose? A. Part of residence
B. Land investment
C. Timber production
D. Part of a farm A B C D
Section 1

21. Section 1-End

22. Climate and Vegetation
What factors cause variations in climate and vegetation in most of the United States and Canada?
Section 2-GTR

23. Climate and Vegetation
hurricane
timberline
chinook
blizzard
chaparral
prairie
supercell
distinct
visibility
methods
Section 2-GTR

24. Climate and Vegetation
A. Everglades
B. Death Valley
C. Great Plains
D. Newfoundland
E. Yukon Territory
Section 2-GTR

25. Climate and Vegetation
How many general climate regions do you think exist in the United States and Canada?
A. 2
B. 4
C. 6
D. 8 A B C D
Section 2

26. Southern Climates
Location near the coast, as well as prevailing wind patterns, results in the warm and wet climates and warm and dry climates of the southern United States.
Climates found primarily in the southern United States:
Warm and wet climates
Subtropical
Tropical
Section 2

27. Southern Climates (cont.)
Warm and dry climates
Desert
Mediterranean
Section 2

28. Los Angeles experiences which type of climate? A. Subtropical
C. Desert
D. Mediterranean A B C D
Section 2

29. Northern Climates
Variations in climate and vegetation in most of the United States and Canada are the result of the combined effects of latitude, elevation, ocean currents, and rainfall.
● Interior climates
Humid continental climate
Steppe climate
Highland climate
Section 2

30. Northern Climates (cont.)
● Costal climates
Marine west coast climate
The United States and Canada: Climate Regions
The United States and Canada: Natural Vegetation
Section 2

31. The Great Plains fall under which type of climate?
A. Humid continental
B. Steppe
C. Marine west coast
D. Highland A B C D
Section 2

32. High-Latitude Climates
Parts of the United States and Canada are located in the high latitudes and experience a harsh, subartic climate.
High latitude climates
Subarctic
Tundra
Ice cap
Just How Cold Is It?
Section 2

33. The interior of Greenland falls under which type of climate?
A. Subarctic
B. Tundra
C. Ice cap A B C
Section 2

34. Section 2-End

35. Petroleum and natural gas deposits in Texas, Alaska, and Alberta
A. Fossil Fuels
Petroleum and natural gas deposits in Texas, Alaska, and Alberta
Coal mined in the Appalachian Mountains, Wyoming, and British Columbia for more than 100 years
Issues of using fossil fuels while protecting the environment
VS 1

36. Located east of the Canadian plains
B. Canadian Shield
Located east of the Canadian plains
Rocky core centered on the Hudson and James Bays
Subarctic climate with coniferous forests
VS 2

37. C. Timber and Fishing
Timber is important for the region, but lumber operations face the challenge of harvesting trees responsibly.
Coastal waters are home to fisheries, but some areas have been over-fished.
VS 3

38. Five lakes created by movement of glaciers
D. Great Lakes
Five lakes created by movement of glaciers
Deposits of coal and iron fueled industrial development
Linked to the Atlantic Ocean by the St. Lawrence Seaway
VS 4

39. E. Appalachian Mountains Extend from Quebec to central Alabama
North America’s oldest mountains shaped over time by ice, wind, and running water
Midlatitude climates with coniferous and deciduous forests
VS 5

40. Young mountains created through tectonic activity
F. Rocky Mountains
Stretch from New Mexico to Alaska, linking the United States and Canada
Young mountains created through tectonic activity
Highland climate varies with elevation
VS 6

41. Headwaters in Minnesota and mouth in Louisiana
G. Mississippi River
Headwaters in Minnesota and mouth in Louisiana
Drains all or part of 31 U.S. states and 2 Canadian provinces
One of the world’s busiest commercial waterways
VS 7

42. VS-End

43. Figure 1

44. Figure 2

45. Figure 3

46. Figure 4

47. Figure 5

48. Figure 6

49. DFS Trans 1

50. Latitude; the average temperatures decreases as
latitude increases.
DFS Trans 2

51. divide a high point or ridge that determines the direction rivers flow
Vocab1

52. headwater
the source of a stream or river
Vocab2

53. tributary a smaller river or stream that feeds into a larger river
Vocab3

54. fall line
a boundary in the eastern United States where the higher land of the Piedmont drops to the lower Atlantic coastal plain
Vocab4

55. fossil fuel a resource formed in the earth by plant and animal remains
Vocab5

56. fishery
areas (freshwater or saltwater) in which fish or sea animals are caught
Vocab6

57. aquaculture
the cultivation of seafood
Vocab7

58. hurricane
a large, powerful windstorm that forms over warm ocean waters
Vocab8

59. chaparral
type of vegetation made up of dense forests of shrubs and short trees, common in Mediterranean climates
Vocab9

60. prairie
an inland grassland area
Vocab10

61. supercell
violent thunderstorm that can spawn tornadoes
Vocab11

62. timberline elevation above which it is too cold for trees to grow
Vocab12

63. chinook
seasonal warm wind that blows down the Rockies in late winter and early spring
Vocab13

64. blizzard
a snowstorm with winds of more than 35 miles per hour, temperatures below freezing, and visibility of less than 1,320 feet for 3 hours or more
Vocab14

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