1. Denmark’s GHG Inventory for Aviation and Navigation Workshop on emissions of greenhouse gases from aviation and navigation, 17-18 May 2004 Morten Winther, NERI National Environmental Research Institute Department of Policy Analysis mwi@dmu.dk

2. Disposition Overview of sectors Data sources Calculations Specific national projects Remaining problems Question 1 and 2 updates

3. Subsectors 1A3a Transport-Civil aviation –Domestic LTO (< 3000 ft) –Domestic cruise (>3000 ft) –International LTO (< 3000 ft) –International (>3000 ft) 1A3d Transport-Navigation –Domestic sea transport –Inland waterways –International sea transport 1A4c Agriculture/forestry/fisheries 1A5 Other –Military aviation –Military navigation

4.  Jets, turboprops, helicopters, piston engine  Domestic: Flights inside the Kingdom of Denmark  International: Destinations outside the Kingdom of Denmark  Calculation: Detailed methodology (Tier 2)  Fuel balance check (Tier 1) Civil aviation - calculation model

5.  City pair statistics 2001 onwards (CAA-DK)  Aircraft type  Origin and destination airport codes  Airport code - coordinate table: City pair distances  Aircraft type - representative aircraft type table: Fuel use and emission data per representative type ( EMEP/CORINAIR)  Fuel sale totals: Danish Energy Authority (official reports) Civil aviation - data sources

6. i: Emission component N R :Number of flights per representative aircraft ef: Fuel use/emission factor [kg/LTO] E: Fuel use/emission Civil aviation - calculations Cruise: Interpolation/extrapolation of data per distance class gives fuel use and emissions per flight LTO:

7.  Fuel sale totals (Danish Energy Authority)  A) Fuel sale totals minus calculated LTO fuel use  B) Calculated fuel use for cruise  Adjusting cruise emissions with A:B cruise fuel ratio Civil aviation - fuel balance

8.  Fuel sale totals: Danish Energy Authority (official reports)  Emission factors: EMEP/CORINAIR Navigation - data sources

9.  National sea traffic  Domestic ferries  Other ships between two Danish ports  International sea traffic  International ferries  International warships  Other ships with foreign destinations  Transport to Greenland/Faroe Islands  Foreign fishing boats  Tank vessels Navigation - data sources (fuel sales)

10.  Fisheries  Danish fishing boats  Inland waterways  No separate fuel statistics  Military  Danish war ships Navigation - data sources (fuel sales)

11. Navigation - calculations E: Emission FC: Fuel Consumption e: Emission factor (g/MJ) i: emission component j: category k: Fuel type

12.  Fuel use/emissions calculation (detailed method):  No. of boats  Engine size [kW]  Average load factor  Annual sailing hours  Fuel use/emission factor [g/kWh]  Stock/activity: National surveys for 1990 and 2000  Fuel use/emission factors: EMEP/CORINAIR  Fuel is subtracted from fisheries Navigation - calculations Inland Waterways

13.  QA/QC  Examine time series of emissions; check and explain changes  Control of data transfer to aggregated CRF categories  IEA reporting (Danish Energy Authority)  Flights for Greenland and the Faroe Islands are international Results

16. Winther, M. 2001: 1998 Fuel Use and Emissions for Danish IFR Flights http://www.mst.dk/homepage/default.asp?Sub=http://www.mst.dk/udgiv /publications/2 001/87-7944-661-2/html/ Spin off: The development of a national emission estimation model for Danish flights to be used later on as a tool for emission reporting Specific national projects

17. Winther, M. 2001: Improving Fuel Statistics for Danish Aviation http://www.dmu.dk/1_viden/2_Publikationer/3_fagrapporter/ rapporter/FR387.pdf Spin off: Consistent time series of emissions (UNFCCC and UNECE) Network: CAA-DK, DEA, NERI for future inventories Specific national projects

18. Denmark’s National Inventory Report 2004 (http://cdr.eionet.eu.int/dk/Air_Emission_Inventories/Submission_UNFC CC/envqipjuq) Brief documentation of the inventories for aviation and navigation Specific national projects

19. Greenhouse gas emissions from international aviation - Nordic perspectives (Nordic Council of Ministers) The report includes a review and assessment of the data and methodologies in relation to calculation and reporting of the energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from international aviation, as well as issues related to allocation of these emissions to countries. Specific national projects

20. Separate fuel statistics missing for: –Domestic and international flights –Sea transport going to Greenland and Faroe Islands –Small boats and pleasure crafts (inland waterways) Remaining problems