1. Review for NHA EKG Exam

2. Lynne Clarke, Ed.D., RN wlclarke58@gmail.com 706-799-3460 Livebinder for students http://www.livebinders.com/play/play?id=1493572 Password: arjhspct

3. The ______________ is the primary pacemaker of the heart.

4. Sinoatrial node

5. The intrinsic rate of the sinoatrial node is:

6. 60-100 beats per minute (bpm)

7. Where is the Angle of Louis and why is it important?

8. It provides a reference for locating the 4 th intercostal space

9. What does the term asymptomatic mean?

10. Without symptoms

11. The EKG Technician can administer drugs. T or F

12. FALSE

13. What is the correct position of the patient’s arm when taking blood pressure?

14. At the level of the heart supported by a table or arm of chair.

15. What is the correct name of the dysrhythmia shown below?

16. What is the correct name of the dysrhythmia shown below? Atrial Flutter this is considered controlled since the ventricular rate is <100 bpm

17. Impulses are conducted to the Perkinje fibers by the __________________

18. Bundle branches

19. You are educating a patient about their upcoming stress test. You should remind them that

20. Do not eat or drink caffeine products (chocolate, soda, tea, coffee or Excedrin®) for 24 hours before exam. Note: Decaffeinated products contain caffeine. Consult your physician about going off beta blockers for 48 hours and calcium channel blockers 24 hours before your exam. Do not eat or drink for 3 hours before your appointment. Drinking water is okay. If you are unable to exercise on the treadmill, a medication will be administered to stress your heart. If you are undergoing this type of an exam, you may take all your heart and blood pressure medications as instructed by your physician. If you have diabetes, please speak to your physician prior to this exam to receive special instructions you may need regarding your medications. Please bring all your medications or a list of them with doses to your appointment.

21. What shape is the p-wave in a junctional rhythm?

22. Inverted Normal p wave

23. What changes in the ST segment indicate a heart problem?

24. ST segment depression Ischemia Left ventricular hypertrophy Electrolyte abnormalities ST segment elevation Ischemia Pericarditis

25. The left atrium receives blood from the ___________

26. Pulmonary Vein

27. Where is the apex of the heart?

28. Where is the apex of the heart? It points down and to the left

29. What is cardiac output?

30. The amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute.

31. Which chamber of the heart has the thickest myocardium and why?

32. The left ventricle because it has to pump blood throughout the body.

33. What is somatic tremor and what type of patient’s are most likely to show it?

34. A type of artifact Parkinson’s patients

35. What is an interval?

36. A wave plus a segment

37. If you patient is short of breath you may have to place them in the _____________ position to do an EKG.

38. Semi-Fowler’s position (45 degree angle)

39. The target heart range for a stress test is determined by _____________

40. Subtracting the patient’s age from 220 Example: a 50 year old would be 170 (220-50)

41. Which wave represents atrial depolarization?

42. P wave

43. What exchange takes place in the lungs?

44. Oxygen and carbon dioxide

45. The vertical axis of the EKG measures __________ and ______________

46. voltage and amplitude

47. A prolonged or widened QRS indicates ________ or _________.

48. A ventricular dysrhythmia or a bundle branch block

49. The artifact called wandering baseline is due to

50. Dried out electrodes or loose electrodes

51. What is the standardization button on the EKG machine used for?

52. To check the calibration of the machine Should be 10mm

53. What is the dysrhythmia shown below?

54. What is the dysrhythmia shown below? Atrial fibrillation

55. What is mitral stenosis?

56. A narrowing of the mitral valve beteen the left atrium and the left ventricle

57. The layer of the heart muscle that produces contractions is the ____________

59. This type of artifact is called AC Interference and is caused by ______________.

60. Electrical interference – move unnecessary electrical devices away from the patient and turn them off, especially nonmedical devices

61. What is the dysrhythmia shown below?

62. What is the dysrhythmia shown below? Ventricular fibrillation

63. What does a red line on the EKG paper mean?

64. It is time to change the roll of paper – this is just like what you would see on a cash register receipt

65. What is the dysrhythmia shown below?

66. What is the dysrhythmia shown below? Ventricular tachycardia

67. Where is the pericardium?

68. It is the protective sac around the heart

69. Which electrode is used for grounding?

70. Right leg

71. The EKG Technician can apply an AED. T or F

72. True

73. Where are the leads placed for a 3-leads EKG to continuously monitor a patient?

75. What is the dysrhythmia shown below?

76. What is the dysrhythmia shown below? 3 rd degree Heart Block

77. Where is the j point and what is it’s significance?

78. The point where the QRS ends and the ST segment begins. This is where ventricular repolarization begins – abnormalities related to myocardial infarction occur after this point (during ventricular repolarization)

79. How is Target Heart Rate determined?

80. An exercise stress test is performed until 85% of the patient’s target heart rate is reached (provided that patient can tolerate). The formula to determine this is: 220 – patient’s age = target heart rate x 85% Ex. For a 40 year old patient 220 – 40 = 180 x 85% = 153 BPM required for test to be valid