1. Unit 3: Developmental Psych Day 2: Piaget & Vygotsky
ON YOUR DESKS:
Notes on Ratey from yesterday
RJ 3.3
Late MS essays???
DAILY COMMENTARY (in a spiral notebook!):
What is cognitive Development. Cite examples of different cognitive stages.
Essential Question
How do humans develop physically, cognitively, and socially throughout the lifespan?
Objectives (write this down!):
I can: distinguish between and assess Piaget’s stages of cognitive development

2. Unit 3: Developmental Psychology Day 2: Piaget & Vygotsky
For Tonight:
RJ 3.4
Griggs
Myers
Charlotte Patterson: “Children of Lesbian & Gay Parents.”
ANNOTATE/TAKE NOTES & Write down:
3 things you learn
two questions you have
1 thing that surprised you
Today: DC
Notes
Demo of PsychInquiry Module: Teratogens
PsychSYM5 Module
Discuss interview project

3. Developing Through the Life Span
Prenatal Development & Newborns (today)
Infancy & Childhood (Today)
Cognitive Development (Tuesday)
Parenting & Attachment (Wednesday)
Adolescence & Adulthood (Thursday)
Minority Studies (Friday)
Gender & Morality (Monday)
Aging & Intelligence (Tuesday)
Exam (Wednesday 10/9)

4. Children learn their native languages much before learning to add 2+2.
Language Development
Children learn their native languages much before learning to add 2+2.
We learn, on average (after age 1), 3,500 words a year, amassing 60,000 words by the time we graduate from high school.
Time Life Pictures/ Getty Images

5. Stage & Age of Language Development

6. Cognitive Development
Piaget believed that the driving force behind intellectual development is our biological development amidst experiences with the environment. Our cognitive development is shaped by the errors we make.
OBJECTIVE 8| State Piaget’s understanding of how the mind develops, and discuss the importance of assimilation and accommodation in this process.
Both photos: Courtesy of Judy DeLoache

7. Schemas
Schemas are mental molds into which we pour our experiences.

8. Assimilation and Accommodation
Assimilation involves interpreting new experiences based on our current understanding (schema).
We view the world through categories we have already developed
The process of adjusting a schema and modifying it is called accommodation.
We change & develop new schemas in response to the world
Bill Anderson/ Photo Researchers, Inc.
Jean Piaget with a subject

9. Effect of Schemas on Thinking & Language
Overextension
Applying a newly learned word to objects that are not included in that word
Occurs when we take a schema and apply it to understand things that really belong in a schema we have not yet developed
EXAMPLES:
Dad has a beard. Therefore all men with beards are called “dad”
Our dog’s name is “harold,” so child calls all dogs “harold”
Underextension
Failure to more generally apply a newly learned word more generally to objects it really does apply to
Occurs when our concept of a schema is more narrow than it should be.
EXAMPLES:
Child learns that a red block is called a “block”, but does not understand that a blue block is also a “block”
Child learns that a Labrador retriever is a “dog,” but does not identify a Pit Bull as a “dog”
Resolved through “accommodation” of the schema

10. Piaget’s Theory and Current Thinking
OBJECTIVE 9| Outline Piaget’s four main stages of cognitive development, and comment on how children’s thinking changes during these four stages.

11. Piaget Clips & Practice
Piaget Meets Santa

13. Unit 3: Developmental Psych Day 2: Piaget & Vygotsky (Continued)
ON YOUR DESKS:
Notes on Patterson Article
RJ 3.3 (late) & 3.4 (on time)
Late MS essays???
DAILY COMMENTARY (in a spiral notebook!):
Give examples demonstrating each of Piaget’s four stages of cognitive development.
Essential Question
How do humans develop physically, cognitively, and socially throughout the lifespan?
Objectives (write this down!):
I can: distinguish between and assess Piaget’s stages of cognitive development

14. Unit 3: Developmental Psychology Day 2: Piaget & Vygotsky
For Tonight:
RJ 3.4
Griggs
Myers
Charlotte Patterson: “Children of Lesbian & Gay Parents.”
ANNOTATE/TAKE NOTES & Write down:
3 things you learn
two questions you have
1 thing that surprised you
Today: DC
Discussion of Pattreson Article
PsychSYM5 Module
Interview Project Planning

15. PsychSym5 Module Complete “Cognitive Development” module
KNOW PIAGET!!!!!
As you work, complete the “How Knowing Changes” graphic organizer/practice sheet
Done early? Develop questions for interview project.

16. Sensorimotor Stage: Criticisms
Piaget believed children in the sensorimotor stage could not think —they do not have any abstract concepts or ideas.
However, recent research shows that children in the sensorimotor stage can think and count.
Children understand the basic laws of physics. They are amazed at how a ball can stop in midair or disappear.

17. Sensorimotor Stage: Criticisms
2. Children can also count. Wynn (1992, 2000) showed that children stared longer at the wrong number of objects than the right ones.

18. Preoperational Stage: Criticism
DeLoache (1987) showed that children as young as 3 years of age are able to use mental operations. When shown a model of a dog’s hiding place behind the couch, a 2½-year-old could not locate the stuffed dog in an actual room, but the 3-year-old did.

19. Egocentrism
Piaget concluded that preschool children are egocentric. They cannot perceive things from another’s point of view.
When asked to show her picture to mommy, 2-year-old Gabriella holds the picture facing her own eyes, believing that her mother can see it through her eyes.

20. Theory of Mind
Preschoolers, although still egocentric, develop the ability to understand another’s mental state when they begin forming a theory of mind.
The problem on the right probes such ability in children.

21. Concrete Operational Stage
In concrete operational stage, given concrete materials, 6- to 7-year-olds grasp conservation problems and mentally pour liquids back and forth into glasses of different shapes conserving their quantities.
Children in this stage are also able to transform mathematical functions. So, if = 12, then a transformation, 12 – 4 = 8, is also easily doable.

22. Formal Operational Stage
Around age 12, our reasoning ability expands from concrete thinking to abstract thinking. We can now use symbols and imagined realities to systematically reason. Piaget called this formal operational thinking.

23. Formal Operational Stage
Rudiments of such thinking begin earlier (age 7) than what Piaget suggested, since 7-year-olds can solve the problem below (Suppes, 1982).
If John is in school, Mary is in school. John is in school. What can you say about Mary?

24. Reflecting on Piaget’s Theory
Piaget’s stage theory has been influential globally, validating a number of ideas regarding growth and development in many cultures and societies. However, today’s researchers believe the following:
Development is a continuous process.
Children express their mental abilities and operations at an earlier age.
Formal logic is a smaller part of cognition.
OBJECTIVE 10| Discuss psychologists’ current views on Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.

25. Vygotsky Russian Psychologist who focused on educational theory
Zone of Proximal Development
Learning happens best when learner is challenged but not overwhelmed

26. Interview Project Develop questions for interview project.
Make sure Mr. G-G has seen and approved them
Make a plan for who you will interview.

27. Unit 3: Developmental Psychology Day 2: Piaget & Vygotsky
For Tonight:
RJ 3.4
Griggs
Myers
Charlotte Patterson: “Children of Lesbian & Gay Parents.”
ANNOTATE/TAKE NOTES & Write down:
3 things you learn
two questions you have
1 thing that surprised you
Today: DC
Notes
Demo of PsychInquiry Module: Teratogens
PsychSYM5 Module
Discuss interview project