1. Judaism “The Chosen People”

2. About 14 million Jews

3. Originated in the Middle East 4000 years ago

4. Jewish Lunar Calendar 2013=5773

5. 3 Main Jewish Beliefs

6. 1. Monotheistic

7. 2. The Chosen People

8. 3. Messiah

9. Torah= Old Testament

10. Talmud=Collections of Jewish Writings

11. Hebrew Spelling of God YHWH G-d

12. Biblical Judaism 1800 BCE-1 CE Abraham Moses King Saul King David King Solomon Temple Temple destroyed  Temple rededicated --Hanukkah

13. Classical Judaism 1 CE- 700 CE Romans destroy the 2 nd Temple  The Western Wall/Wailing Wall is all that is left Diaspora: 2000 years of Jews living away from their homeland Exile and persecution

14. Medieval Judaism 600 CE-1600 CE Jews’ living conditions varied from place to place. Under Muslim rule: peaceful coexistence throughout much of Spain, Africa, and the Near East.

15. Medieval Judaism 600 CE- 1600 CE Under Christian rule: rampant persecution and resentment of their success in business. Banished to ghettos Exiled to Poland and Spain Roots of anti-Semitism

16. Jewish Mysticism Kabbalah teaches that God can be known best by looking inward, with the heart, through love. Moses Maimonides Famous Jewish mystic

17. Modern Judaism 1700 CE-present Hasidism= Ultra-Orthodox Jew.

18. Zaddik—holy man in the Hasidic community

19. Zionism-movement committed to establishment of state of Israel

20. Holocaust or “Shoah”

21. Jerusalem to Jews: Western Wall: King Solomon’s Temple and the Ark of the Covenant

22. Jerusalem to Christians: Church of the Holy Sepulcher place where Jesus was crucified

23. Jerusalem to Muslims: Dome of the Rock place where Muhammad ascended into heaven

24. 1948: Jews moved in and displaced Palestinians already living there. That’s why there is so much fighting there.

25. Branches of Judaism: 1. Reform (liberal) Believes that as society changes, so must Judaism Relaxed about rules Worship spoken in English Women can be rabbis Largest branch in US Zionists

26. 2. Orthodox (strict) Every word of the Torah was given directly to Moses from God, so NOTHING can be changed. Deeply traditional Follow Kosher food laws Worship in Hebrew; men and women separated Wear yarmulkes, modest dress and behavior Hasidic Jews are Orthodox Jews Smallest branch

27. 3. Conservative Somewhere in between Reform and Orthodox Less strict regarding Jewish practices Observe kosher food laws and wear yarmulkes Women can be rabbis Worship in Hebrew or English 2 nd largest branch

28. Kosher Laws

29. Shabbat/ Sabbath

30. Rosh Hashanah

31. Yom Kippur

32. Hanukkah

33. Pesach/Passover

34. Yom Hashoah

35. Anti-Semitism

36. Diaspora

37. Covenant: agreement between God and the Israelites

38. Rabbis

39. Mezuzah

40. Matzah

41. Huppah

42. Haggadah

43. Bar/Bat Mitzvah

44. Circumcision

45. Shivah “seven” Sitting Shivah Week-long period of mourning for relatives

46. Synagogue

48. Yarmulkes/Kippahs

49. Yarmulke/kippah

50. Tallit

52. Phylacteries

54. Shofar

55. Seder

56. Shema “Hear, O Israel! The Lord is our God, The Lord is One.”

57. Torah Scrolls

58. Ark

59. Menorah