2.  Probability- the likelihood that an event will have a particular result; the ratio of the number of desired outcomes to the total possible outcomes.  Event- an experiment where there is an outcome  Outcome- a result of an experiment  Independent Event- an event to which the result is in no way affected by other events  Dependent Event- an event where the outcome depends or is affected by the outcome of another event.

3. ◦ The probability of an impossibility is 0 ◦ The probability of a certainty is 1

4.  The probability that an event will not occur is just 1 – the probability that the event will occur.

5.  To convert from fraction to a decimal divide the numerator by the denominator (round if necessary) 2/3 = 2 ÷ 3 =.67

6.  Also called “experiments”  Examples: ◦ Flip a coin ◦ Draw a random card ◦ Choose a random marble, sock, book

7.  (also called “results”)  Examples: ◦ Heads ◦ Ace of Hearts ◦ Green marble ◦ Red sock ◦ “Cat in the Hat”

8.  List of the possible outcomes (no duplicates)  Examples: ◦ For a coin toss: {heads, tails} ◦ To choose from a bag of marbles with 2 red marbles, 4 blue marbles, and one yellow marble, {red, blue, yellow}

9. P(E) = Probability of drawing a jack from a standard deck of cards = number of jacks in a deck = 4 = 1 number of cards in a deck 52 13

10. number of red 10’s in a deck = 2 = 1 number of cards in a deck 52 26

11. number of red cards in a deck = 26 = 1 number of cards in a deck 52 2

12. = number of Aces of Hearts in a deck = 1 number of cards in a deck 52

13. To find the probability of multiple independent events, multiply the probabilities of each event together.

14. To find the probability of multiple dependent events, multiply the probabilities of each event together considering the dependence.

15. Multiplication Rule 2: When two events, A and B, are dependent, the probability of both occurring is:

16. The conditional probability of an event B in relationship to an event A is the probability that event B occurs given that event A has already occurred. The notation for conditional probability is P(B|A), read as the probability of B given A.

17. A jar contains black and white marbles. Two marbles are chosen without replacement. The probability of selecting a black marble and then a white marble is 0.34, and the probability of selecting a black marble on the first draw is 0.47. What is the probability of selecting a white marble on the second draw, given that the first marble drawn was black?

18. The probability that it is Friday and that a student is absent is 0.03. Since there are 5 school days in a week, the probability that it is Friday is 0.2. What is the probability that a student is absent given that today is Friday?

19. At Kennedy Middle School, the probability that a student takes Technology and Spanish is 0.087. The probability that a student takes Technology is 0.68. What is the probability that a student takes Spanish given that the student is taking Technology?

21.  Value between 0 and 1  Wins/Total Outcomes  Usually expressed as a fraction or decimal  Any positive number or 0  Wins/Losses (Odds For) or  Losses/Wins (Odds Against)  Usually expressed as a ratio