1. Polarization of light

2. In electrodynamics, polarization is the property of electromagnetic
wave, such as light , that describes the direction of the transverse
Electric field E B k

4. Linearly polarized light
For

5. x x y y x x y y

6. Circularly polarized light
Right circularly polarized light

7. y
Reference axis
Time
p/4
wt=0
wt=p/4
wt=p/2
wt=3p/4 x E0
For kz=p/4

9. Left circularly polarized light

10. Elliptical polarized light

11. a

13. State of Polarization Plane polarized light : P state
Right circularly polarized light : R state
Left circularly polarized light : L state
Elliptically polarized light : E state

14. Natural Light
An ordinary light source consists of a very large number of
randomly oriented atomic emitters, which radiates a polarized
wavetrain for roughly 10-8 sec.

15. Degree of polarization
Completely polarized
Completely unpolarized
Partially polarized
Degree of polarization

16. Malus’s law

17. Unpolarized light

18. Malus’s law

19. Polarizers
Selective absorption or dichorism
Double refraction or birefringes
Reflection
Scattering

20. Polarization by scattering

21. Scattering of polarized light by a molecule

22. Scattering of unpolarized light by a molecule

23. Why sky looks blue

24. Blue Sky
Earth A B C

25. Rayleigh scattering
Red
Orange
Yellow
Green
Blue
Violet 1 2
2.5 3 6 10

26. Red Sunset D C
Dust layer B
Earth A

27. White Sun in Blue Sky

28. Yellow Sky

29. Red Sunset