1. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 1 Operating Systems and File Management Chapter 4

2. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 2 Operating System Basics Operating System Activities User Interfaces The Boot Process

3. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 3 Operating System Activities What is an operating system? What does it manage?

4. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 4 Operating System Activities Multitasking Multithreading Multiprocessing

5. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 5 Operating System Activities Operating System Categories –Single-user operating system –Multiuser operating system –Network operating system –Desktop operating system

6. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 6 User Interfaces What is a user interface?

7. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 7 Today’s Operating Systems Microsoft Windows Mac OS UNIX and Linux DOS Handheld Operating Systems

8. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 8 Microsoft Windows

9. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 9 Mac OS

10. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 10 Mac OS Dual Boot vs. PC-Emulation

11. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 11 UNIX and Linux Unix is a mainframe OS Linux can run on PCs or mainframes

12. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 12 DOS What is DOS?

13. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 13 Handheld Operating Systems

14. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 14 File Basics File Names and Extensions File Directories and Folders File Formats

15. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 15 File Names and Extensions File-naming conventions –Maximum length –Prohibited characters –No reserved words –Case sensitivity File extensions

16. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 16 File Directories and Folders An operating system maintains a directory for each disk, tape, CD, DVD, or USB flash drive File location C:\My Documents\ResearchPaper.doc

17. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 17 File Formats File association list File extension

18. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 18 File Formats Native file format

19. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 19 File Formats An easy way to convert a file from one format to another is to open it with an application that supports both file formats, and then use the Save As dialog box to select an alternative file format.

20. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 20 File Management Application-based File Management File Management Utilities File Management Metaphors Windows Explorer File Management Tips Physical File Storage

21. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 21 Application-based File Management Applications typically provide a way to open files and save them in a specific folder on a storage device

22. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 22 Application-based File Management The Save As dialog box not only helps you name a file and designate its destination drive, but also allows you to rename files, delete files, create folders, and rename folders.

23. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 23 File Management Utilities File management utilities

24. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 24 File Management Metaphors Storage metaphors

25. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 25 Windows Explorer

26. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 26 File Management Tips Use descriptive names Maintain file extensions Group similar files Organize your folders from the top down Consider using the My Documents default directory Do not mix data files and program files

27. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 27 File Management Tips Don’t store files in the root directory Access files from the hard disk Follow copyright rules Delete or archive files you no longer need Be aware of storage locations Back up

28. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 28 Physical File Storage Physical storage model Formatting

29. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 29 Physical File Storage Windows includes a floppy disk formatting utility, which can be accessed from the A: (Floppy disk) icon in the My Computer window or Windows Explorer.

30. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 30 Physical File Storage The file system keeps track of the names and locations of files –NTFS –FAT32

31. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 31 Physical File Storage Deleting a file Files in the Windows Recycle Bin and similar utilities can be undeleted

32. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 32 Physical File Storage Fragmented files Defragmentation utilities

33. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 33 Backup Security Backup Basics Data File Backup System Backup Boot and Recovery Disks

34. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 34 Backup Basics What is a backup?

35. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 35 Backup Basics Your backup schedule depends on how much data you can afford to lose You should run an up-to-date virus check as the first step in your backup routine The backup device you select depends on the value of your data, your current equipment, and your budget

36. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 36 Backup Basics

37. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 37 Data File Backup CD or DVD drive can be used to backup personal files Store all files to be backed up in the same location It’s good to backup everything

38. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 38 Data File Backup To restore from a data file backup, copy files from your backup to your hard disk System Restore (Windows Me and XP) and System Protection (Windows Vista)

39. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 39 System Backup Backup software

40. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 40 System Backup Full backup Differential backup Incremental backup Keep more than one set of backups

41. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 41 Boot and Recovery Disks A boot disk is a removable storage medium containing the operating system files needed to boot your computer without accessing the hard disk –Format has an option to create a DOS boot disk

42. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 42 Boot and Recovery Disks A recovery disk loads hardware drivers and user settings as well as the operating system –Sometimes included with new computer systems –The Windows XP Backup utility creates a set of Automated System Recovery disks

43. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 43 Boot and Recovery Disks You can create a custom recovery CD that contains your computer’s current settings and device drivers Norton Ghost is a product of Symantec, which also provides a more specialized recovery disk called the Symantec Recovery Disk Certain PC manufacturers have pre-installed Norton Ghost and the recovery environment on some of their computers

44. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management 44 Chapter 4 Complete Operating Systems and File Management