1. Photography-Memory-History: Reading Diaspora in Snow Falling on Cedars Chen, Chung-jen National Taiwan Normal University

2. About the Author \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ David Guterson (born 1956)1956 is an American novelist, short storyAmerican writer, poet, journalist, and essayist. He is best known as the author of the novel Snow Falling on Cedars (1994), which won many awards, including the 1995 PEN/Faulkner Award.Snow Falling on Cedars 1995PEN/Faulkner Award

3. About the Film \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ The novel was adapted for a 1999 film of the same title, directed by Scott Hicks and starring Ethan Hawke.film of the same titleScott HicksEthan Hawke Nominated for Oscar. Another 5 wins & 8 nominations.

4. \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ Camera Lucida (in French, La Chambre claire) published in 1980 by Roland Barthes. It is simultaneously an inquiry into the nature and essence of photography and a eulogy to Barthes's late mother. The book investigates the effects of photography on the spectator.French1980Roland Barthesphotography Written after the death of his mother, Camera Lucida is as much a reflection on death as it is on photography. Barthes died unexpectedly in an automobile accident soon after the publication of Camera Lucida. About Camera Lucida

5. The book develops the twin concepts of studium and punctum: studium ( 知面 ) denoting the cultural, linguistic, and political interpretation of a photograph punctum ( 刺點 ) denoting the wounding, personally touching detail which establishes a direct relationship with the object or person within it About Camera Lucida

6. “Photography never lies.” photography affirms that the object on the print does exist. About Camera Lucida \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ \ \\\\\\\\

7. \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ “Death is the eidos of that photograph.” The photographic experience is always an experience of the past; Every photographic image signals “the return of the dead.” About Camera Lucida

8. “History is hysterical: it is constituted only if we consider it, only if we look at it—and in order to look at it, we must be excluded from it.” “The tension between memory and history is an active process that moves both ways: from memory to history as well as from history to memory.” (Sturken) About Camera Lucida

9. The family photograph placed neatly over the fireplace. Snow Falling on Cedars \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\

10. The family photographs that Hatsue’s father brings with him to internment. Snow Falling on Cedars \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\

11. Hatsue’s father stares at the family photography to ensure his memory of his family. Snow Falling on Cedars \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\

12. Photographs remind Hatsue’s father of the connection he has with his family. Snow Falling on Cedars \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\

13. Ishmael’s father at work with his camera. Snow Falling on Cedars \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\

14. The photographs placed under the glass pad on Ishmael’s desk. Snow Falling on Cedars \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\

15. After Ishmael was gunned down, his distorted memory is presented with a wild and fast-paced montage. Snow Falling on Cedars \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\

16. Thank you. \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\