1. Christopher C. Roth Kent State College Fall, 2010 Professional LPN Transition

2. Religious Needs We must be sensitive to the spiritual needs of patients. Some examples are.... Jewish food customs. Muslisms prayer rituals. Catholics Anointing of the Sick. Jehovah’s Witnesses and blood transfusions.

3. Cultural Customs Eye contact Personal space Time orientation Authority Figures Cultural Care Theory Sunrise Model “Caring should be at the center of what we do as nurses and that cultural based care is the most comprehensive and holistic care nurses can provide” (leininger,2001, p. 192). Madeleine Leininger

4. Boundaries in communication The meaning of a word in one culture does not always translate to another culture the same way. Provide clients with limited English a translator. These therapies must be recognized, because patients use them. Mediation, imagery, support groups, music therapy, humor, journaling, reminiscence, caring-based approaches, massage, touch, healing touch, active listening. Complementary/ Alternative Therapies

5. Well-rounded healthcare teams will meet the needs of diverse populations by including all aspects of culture and individualism. Time, personal space, consent, authority figures, and eye contact are only a few areas in which one culture may differ from another. It is important that nurses and other healthcare members coninue to learn and grow from education programs that include the teachings and beliefs of many groups around the world.

6. Please describe a instance where you had to consider cultural diversity or different customs than your own in the health care field and explain how you handled it. If you do not have a specific instance, think of a situation in which you would have to be culturally sensitive and explain how you think you would react to the situation.

7. Leininger, M. (2002). Culture Care Theory: A Major Contribution to Advance Transcultural Nursing and Practices. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 13 (3), 189-192. Retrieved from http://tcn.sagepub.com/content/13/3/189.full.pdf