1. Catalyst Complete K & W on KWL chart in guided notes

2. Objectives SWBAT define metabolism SWBAT explain the ATP/ADP cycle
SWBAT differentiate between autotrophs and heterotrophs
SWBAT identify the types of energy involved in photosynthesis
SWBAT identify the reactants and products of photosynthesis

3. METABOLISM
Use of energy by organisms

4. ATP ATP= adenosine triphosphate Energy molecule of the cell
Like “Energy Currency”

5. How do we get energy from ATP?
Energy is released from ATP when a phosphate group is
removed
When the bond is broken, it becomes ADP (adenosine
diphosphate)
Explain how the jar is like the ATP/ADP cycle.

6. How Organisms Get Energy
Autotrophs – Organisms that make their own energy
(Also called producers)
Heterotrophs – Organisms that consume energy
(Also called consumers)

7. What is Photosynthesis?
Photo= Light
Synthesis= To make or put things together
Photosynthesis= making glucose with light

8. WHAT is Photosynthesis
DEF – Using light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars and starches (chemical energy)
Light Energy  Chemical Energy (ATP)

10. What is Photosynthesis?

11. WHAT is Photosynthesis
(inside chloroplast) 6CO2+6H2O+sunlight  C6H12O6+6O2 Reactants: Carbon dioxide, water, sunlight Products: Glucose & Oxygen

12. Check for Understanding #1
Multiple Choice
iRespond Question
Check for Understanding #1
What is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?
A.) Autotrophs make their own energy and heterotrophs eat their energy
B.) Heterotrophs make their own energy and autotrophs eat their energy
C.) Both make their own energy
D.) Both consume their energy
E.)

13. Question 2 Why is ATP called energy currency? E.)F
Multiple Choice
iRespond Question
Question 2
Why is ATP called energy currency?
A.) Because people like to spend it
B.) Because when a phosphate group of ADP is broken, it forms ATP and releases energy
C.) Because when an adenosine group of ATP is broken, it forms ADP and releases energy
D.) Because when a phosphate group of ATP is broken, it forms ADP and releases energy
E.)

14. What are the reactants of photosynthesis?
Multiple Choice
iRespond Question
Question 3
What are the reactants of photosynthesis?
A.) Glucose and oxygen
B.) Carbon dioxide and oxygen
C.) Carbon dioxide ,water, and light
D.) Water , glucose, and light
E.)

15. What are the products of photosynthesis?
Multiple Choice
iRespond Question
Question 4
What are the products of photosynthesis?
A.) Glucose and oxygen
B.) Carbon dioxide and oxygen
C.) Carbon dioxide and water
D.) Water and glucose
E.)

16. What group of organisms convert light energy to chemical energy?
Multiple Choice
iRespond Question
Question 5
What group of organisms convert light energy to chemical energy?
A.) Heterotrophs
B.) Consumers
C.) Autotrophs
D.) All of the above
E.)

17. WHO uses Photosynthesis
Most autotrophs
ALL plants,
Many bacteria {cyanobacteria},
Plant-like protists

18. WHEN does Photosynthesis occur
Needs 3 factors to occur:
* Sunlight Intensity {varies plant to plant}
* Water {wax coat – adaptation in some}
* Proper temperature – {0*C to 35*C}

19. WHERE Photosynthesis Occurs
In the Chloroplasts
Found in plant cells

20. WHERE Photosynthesis Occurs
The main pigments inside a chloroplast are
thylakoids that absorb the light energy.
Chlorophyll - Green pigment
Carotene- Orange & brown

21. Who is lost?

22. WHERE Photosynthesis Occurs
Thylakoids are disk shaped membranes that contain pigments (chlorophyll) to absorb light.
A stack of thylakoids is called a granum
Light dependent reactions take place here.

23. WHERE Photosynthesis Occurs
Stroma – Fluid outside
the thylakoid.
Calvin Cycle= Dark Reaction =
light independent reaction takes place here.

24. Which part of the chloroplast is found in stacks?
Multiple Choice
iRespond Question
Question 6
Which part of the chloroplast is
found in stacks?
A.) Granum
B.) Stroma
C.) Thylakoids
D.) Chlorophyll
E.)

25. What do we call the fluid that surrounds the stacks?
Multiple Choice
iRespond Question
Question 7
What do we call the fluid that surrounds the stacks?
A.) Chloroplast
B.) Chlorophyll
C.) Stroma
D.) Thylakoid
E.)

26. Why are most plants green?F
Multiple Choice
iRespond Question
Question 8
Why are most plants green?
A.) Because St. Patrick likes green
B.) The presence of carotenoids
C.) The presence of stroma
D.) The presence of chlorophyll
E.)

27. Why do some leaves turn color (red, orange, brown) in the fall?
Multiple Choice
iRespond Question
Question 9
Why do some leaves turn color (red, orange, brown) in the fall?
A.) Production of chloroplasts decreases
B.) Production of chlorophyll decreases
C.) Chlorophyll stops working
D.) Stroma dries out
E.)

28. Photosynthesis has two reactions Light Dependent reactions
Light Independent reactions
Each reaction occurs in a different part of the chloroplast

29. Requires Light Does not require light Thylakoids Stroma
Light Dependent Reaction
Light Independent Reaction (Calvin Cycle)
Light?
Requires Light
Does not require light
Location
Thylakoids
Stroma
**REMEMBER: Thylakoids have chlorophyll. This chlorophyll makes them green. Chlorophyll absorbs light. Therefore thylakoids absorb light.
Stroma DOES NOT have chlorophyll. Therefore, it DOES NOT absorb light. So the light independent reaction takes place in the stroma

30. What is NADPH? *NADPH: Electron carrier involved in electron transport
When combined with ATP, this becomes an energy source in photsynthesis!

31. Step 1: Light Dependent Reactions
sun + H = ATP + NADPH + O2
LIGHT ENERGY + WATER = Chemical ENERGY + OXYGEN
NADPH+ATP are energy sources that connect the light dependent reaction to the light independent reaction
Light independent reactions (Calvin Cycle) to make sugar

32. Question 1
What are the reactants of the light-dependent reaction? A. Water + sunlight B. ATP + NADPH + O2 C. Water + ATP D. Sunlight + O2

33. Question 2 What are the products of the light-dependent reactions?
A. Water + sunlight
B. ATP + NADPH + O2
C. Water + ATP
D. Sunlight + O2

34. ATP made during the light-dependent reaction travels from the thylakoids to the stroma to be used in the Calvin cycle
ATP

35. Step 2: Light independent Reactions
ATP+NADPH+C02 = ADP+NADP+Sugar
Sugar (glucose)
C6H12O6
ALSO KNOWN AS THE CALVEN CYCLE

39. Metabolism Objectives:
SWBAT identify the reactants and products of cellular respiration
SWBAT explain the three stages of cellular respiration (Glycolysis, Krebs, ETC)
SWBAT identify the parts of the mitochondria
SWBAT correlate the processes of respiration with the parts of the mitochondrion

40. Objectives (continued)
SWBAT differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic respiration
SWBAT explain why anaerobic respiration (fermentation) occurs
SWBAT identify and describe the two types of fermentation (lactic acid and alcoholic)

41. WHAT is Cellular Respiration
DEF –Process that releases energy (ATP) by breaking down glucose (food) molecules

42. WHO uses Cellular Respiration
Animals
EVERY organism
ALL life
Fungi
Bacteria*
Plants
Protists

43. How do plants do cellular respiration
How do plants do cellular respiration? I thought plants did photosynthesis???
They do BOTH!!!!!!

44. WHAT is Cellular Respiration
Formula
6O2 + C6H12O6  6CO2 +6H2O + ATP
Reactants: Glucose & Oxygen
Products: Carbon dioxide, water & energy

45. O2
C6H12O6
2C3H4O3
CO2
H20 2 2 32

46. WHEN does Cellular Respiration occur
When glucose and oxygen are available
Called aerobic respiration

47. WHERE Cellular Respiration Occurs
In the mitochondrion

48. Three steps to cellular respiration
1. Glycolysis
2. Krebs cycle
3. Electron Transport Chain

49. HOW Cellular Respiration Occurs
Step 1 Glycolysis
Glyco- = sugar
-lysis = break open
breaking down of glucose into 2 pyruvate.
Location - in the cells’s cytoplasm

50. HOW Cellular Respiration Occurs
Step 2 – Krebs Cycle
Pyruvate (C3H4O3) is broken down into CO2 & H electrons in a series of reactions.
Reactants – pyruvic acid, O2
Products – CO2, FADH, NADH
Location –mitochondria

51. HOW Cellular Respiration Occurs.
Step 3 ETC
Hydrogen e- move down the E.T.C. Energy captured by ADP & PATP
Reactant – H electrons
Product – ATP, H2O
Location –mitochondria

53. O2
C6H12O6
2C3H4O3
CO2
H20 2 2 32

54. Total Products of Aerobic Respiration
Uses glucose and oxygen in mitochondria to create
36 ATP, 6CO2 and 6H2O

55. What if there is no Oxygen?
Anaerobic Respiration {fermentation} takes place if there is not any oxygen. Happens in the cytoplasm
Also known as fermentation!

56. 2 Types of Fermentation Alcoholic Fermentation
(some bacteria,
Yeast)
Lactic Acid Fermentation
(Eukaryotes)

57. Alcoholic fermentation occurs in cytoplasm
makes 2 ATP, alcohol & CO2. Used by yeast in food processing

58. RECAP - Cellular Respiration
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Occurs in cytoplasm and makes 2 ATP and lactic acid.

59. Lactic Acid Fermentation cont
Occurs in muscle cells during sudden or rapid exercise