1. CHAPTER 4 POWERPOINT

2. JUDAISM AND ROME – How did the Jews respond to Roman rule?
Romans took over Judah (Judaea) around 63BC and replaced the Jewish king with a Roman procurator (governor) around AD 6
Some cooperated, some ignored, and some left
Jerusalem was the holy city and Jews hoped for deliverer

3. Jewish revolts One group rebelled – Zealots around ad 66
Ad 73 Fortress Masada fell
Ad 132 – Jews try to rebel again but kicked out of Jerusalem

4. Zealots
Show online slide

5. Jesus of Nazareth –
Jesus preached about how God created all and love God and one another
Beatitudes - sayings or teachings in Jesus’s Sermon on the Mount
Parables – stories that taught lessons - Good Samaritan and Prodigal Son
Miracles – stories of healing

6. LIFE OF JESUS LIFE BIRTH DEATH BORN IN A MANAGER AT 12 BEGAN PREACHING
AT 33 ENTERED JERUSALEM FOR PASSOVER
TENSIONS ALREADY BETWEEN JEWS AND ROMANS – STATUES AND TAXES
THURSDAY – LAST SUPPER AND BETRAYAL BY JUDAS
FRIDAY – CRUXIFICATION ON CROSS
SUNDAY – RESURRECTION FROM DEATH
BORN IN A MANAGER
BORN OF A VIRGIN MARY
KING HEROD TRIED TO KILL
3 WISEMEN
GAVE GIFTS
AT 12 BEGAN PREACHING
AT 30 ENTERED INTO GALILEE
MIRACLES, PARABLES, TEACHINGS

7. Apostles
Show online lecture slide

8. Basic Christian beliefs
Monotheistic
Jesus was son of God
To become Christian, accept Jesus as your Savior and receive salvation
Saved from sins or wrongdoings
Afterlife – Heaven
God the father, the son, and Holy Ghost – Holy Trinity
Similar to Jews – love God, love neighbor, God will rule world

9. Reasons why Christianity spread
Romans maintained peace and order
Easy travel due to roads
Message had enormous appeal because it provided comfort and gave hope for a better life after death
Helped those in need and offered forgiveness
Due to languages of Latin and Greek, communication was easy
Christians offered security, support, and took care of people

10. Why did Roman’s mistreat Christians?
Christians would not worship emperor – false gods
Christians criticized Roman games and festivals
Christians refused to serve in the Roman army
Too many people were becoming Christians
Burial practices – buried in catacombs and outside of Rome, memorial services with meals

11. FORMS OF MISTREATMENT
ARRESTED, BEATEN, MADE MARTYRS, BLAMED FOR NATURAL DISASTERS, BLAMED FOR FIRE
ROMANS TOLERATED JEWS BUT OUTLAWED CHRISTAINITY

12. Show online slide over Constantine

13. ACCEPTANCE OF CHRISTIANITY
1.Diocletian tries to kill Christians by force 2. Constantine wins battle and ended the persecution of Christians Edict of Milan - tolerance 3. Constantine allowed Christains to serve in the government, no taxes, build churches 4. Theodosius – ad 392 – bans Greek and Roman religions

14. Show online chart over hierarchy in church and early writings

15. PRIESTS BISHOPS Bishops vs. Priests RESPONSIBLE FOR ONE CHURCH
AUTHORITY OVER MORE THAN ONE CHURCH
DETERMINED CHURCH DOCTRINE
PATRIACHS OR ARCHBISHOPS WOULD HELP
RESPONSIBLE FOR ONE CHURCH
LED DAILY WORSHIP
LAITY HELPED THEM

16. ISSUES THAT DIVIDED THE EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCH
DEBATED OVER WHICH JEWISH PRACTICES TO KEEP
HOW TO RESPOND TO ROMANS
EXPLAINED CERTAIN ISSUES IN BIBLE
ROLE OF POPE – ROMAN CATHOLICS (LATINS) SEENS AS HEAD OF CHURCH BUT EASTERN ORTHODOX (GREEKS) SAID NO

17. SHOW THE ONLINE LECTURE SLIDE LISTING KEY ISSUES OF DIVISION

18. ICONS FOR AGAINST REPRESENT GOD HELP PEOPLE UNDERSTAND TEACHINGS
ROMAN CATHOLICS
IDOL WORSHIP
DISTRACT CHRISTIANS
EASTERN ORTHODOX – EMPEROR LEO III

19. Roman Catholics vs. Eastern Orthodox
LATIN
ROME
LED BY POPE – head of all churches - can use icons -
WESTERN EMPIRE
POPE CHOSE CHARLEMAGNE AS EMPEROR OF ROME IN AD 800
POPE BELIEVED HE WAS IN CONTROL OF GOVERNMENT AND CHURCH
EXCOMMUNICATED
GREEK
BYZANTINE EMPIRE
LED BY PATRIARCH- equal to pope along with bishops – some said no icons
EMPERORS WERE SAID TO BE FROM GOD – DEFEND THE CHURCH AND SET UP ONE CHRISTIAN FAITH
EMPERORS CHOSE CHURCH LEADERS AND IN CHARGE OF GOVERNMENT AND DISPUTES IN EMPIRE
EXCOMMUNICATED – LED TO A SCHISM OR SPLIT OF CHURCH

20. OTHER REASONS WHY CHRISTIANITY SPREAD
FALL OF THE WESTERN EMPIRE
NEED FOR PEACE AND ORDER
Paula – a nun who helped scholar Jerome translate Bible into Latin
Basilian rule – created by Basil – rules for nuns and monks
Benedictine Rule – created by Benedict – rules for monks and nuns in west – be missionaries and welcome all
MISSIONARY WORK OF NUNS AND MONKS - SCHOOLS, HOSPITALS, POOR
CREATION OF THE CYRILLIC ALPHABET BY CYRIL TO TEACH SLAVS – Cryil and Methodius (brothers)
MONKS IN BRITAIN – ANGLO-SAXENS – Pope Gregory I sends 40 monks
PATRICK’S MISSIONARY WORK IN IRELAND