1. LESSON 18

2. learn of man’s early attempts to fly. read a Greek myth. make a look at early flying machines. learn of man’s early attempts to fly. read a Greek myth. make a look at early flying machines. In this lesson, you will

3. You will also review regular and irregular verbs in the Past Simple. review the Imperative form as used in instructions. learn opposites. learn vocabulary connected to the subject of the lesson. review regular and irregular verbs in the Past Simple. review the Imperative form as used in instructions. learn opposites. learn vocabulary connected to the subject of the lesson.

4. For thousands of years, people have looked at birds flying in the sky and wished they could fly, too.

5. More than 2,000 years ago, the Greeks created myths. Myths are stories about gods and people. It was their way of explaining how nature works.

6. According to Greek mythology, the first man to fly was a man called Daedalos. He was a skilled and clever man.

7. Daedalos designed and built the labyrinth at Knossos for the King. A labyrinth is a kind of maze. The King put his enemies in the labyrinth so that they could not escape. Daedalos designed and built the labyrinth at Knossos for the King. A labyrinth is a kind of maze. The King put his enemies in the labyrinth so that they could not escape.

8. One day, the King got angry with Daedalos and his son, Icarus. He put both of them in the labyrinth. Icarus said to his father: “If we could fly, we could escape!”

9. Daedalos replied: “We will escape by flying! I shall build wings!” Daedalos replied: “We will escape by flying! I shall build wings!”

10. Daedalos made the wings of feathers and fixed them on to Icarus with wax. But Daedalos warned his son: “Do not fly too close to the sun, or the heat will melt your wings.”

11. Icarus flew higher and higher. “Look how high I can fly!” sang Icarus. He didn’t notice that the sun was melting the wax. Daedalos called to his son, but it was too late. He fell into the sea and was drowned.

12. For centuries, people have wanted to fly. At first, they tried to fly like birds. They fixed on wings and flapped them like birds, hoping to fly.

13. But people are too heavy and not strong enough to keep flapping big wings.

14. Leonardo da Vinci, a very famous artist, was born in Italy in 1452. He tried to solve the mystery of flying. Take a look at his flying machines.

15. He drew and wrote about hundreds of flying machines, but he did not find the answer.

16. Now you will succeed where Leonardo da Vinci failed. This is how you can make a plane that will fly. Now you will succeed where Leonardo da Vinci failed. This is how you can make a plane that will fly.

17. 1. Take a piece of paper 20 cms. X 20 cms. 2. Fold the paper in half, make a crease and open it again. 3. Fold the two top corners of the paper to the line of the fold. 1. Take a piece of paper 20 cms. X 20 cms. 2. Fold the paper in half, make a crease and open it again. 3. Fold the two top corners of the paper to the line of the fold. Instructions: How To Make A Model Plane 1 2 3

18. 4. Fold the left side from the top to the line in the middle. 5. Repeat with the right side. 6. Repeat 4. and 5. again. 4. Fold the left side from the top to the line in the middle. 5. Repeat with the right side. 6. Repeat 4. and 5. again. 4 5 6

19. 7.Turn the paper over and fold it in half. 8.Pick up your model plane from underneath. The two wings are on top. 9. Throw it in an upward direction. 7.Turn the paper over and fold it in half. 8.Pick up your model plane from underneath. The two wings are on top. 9. Throw it in an upward direction. 7

20. Balloons fly, too! When we blow up a balloon with helium gas, tie it up and let go, it will fly. Balloons fly, too! When we blow up a balloon with helium gas, tie it up and let go, it will fly.

21. 200 years ago, a Frenchman, Joseph Montgolfier, filled a large balloon with gas. He fixed a large basket to the balloon and sent it up with a sheep, a duck and a rooster in it. They traveled 3 kilometers in eight minutes before the balloon came down. 200 years ago, a Frenchman, Joseph Montgolfier, filled a large balloon with gas. He fixed a large basket to the balloon and sent it up with a sheep, a duck and a rooster in it. They traveled 3 kilometers in eight minutes before the balloon came down.

22. A hot-air balloon has 3 important parts: the envelope the burner the gondola A hot-air balloon has 3 important parts: the envelope the burner the gondola

23. The people in the gondola use the burner to heat the gas in the envelope. The hot-air balloon will rise, just as your helium balloon rises.

24. On March 1st, 1999, two men set out in their hot - air balloon. They wanted to become the first balloonists to go round the world non-stop. On March 1st, 1999, two men set out in their hot - air balloon. They wanted to become the first balloonists to go round the world non-stop.

25. Bertrand Piccard, one of the balloonists, wrote in his book: “For everyone involved, the winter of 1998-9 was a time of high anxiety and tension. My two earlier attempts to fly round the world had failed: one after six hours, the other after nine days. Our sponsors told us this third attempt had to be the last.”

26. On Saturday, 20th March 1999, 19 days, 1 hour and 49 minutes after the two balloonists set out, they passed the finishing line over Mauritania, North Africa. They became the first people to orbit the world non-stop. On Saturday, 20th March 1999, 19 days, 1 hour and 49 minutes after the two balloonists set out, they passed the finishing line over Mauritania, North Africa. They became the first people to orbit the world non-stop.

27. In this lesson, you learnt about man’s first attempts to fly. read a Greek myth about Daedalos and Icarus. made your own model plane. learnt about hot-air balloons.

28. You also reviewed regular and irregular verbs in the Past Simple. reviewed the Imperative form when used for instructions. learnt some opposites. enriched your vocabulary.