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XP Information Information is everywhere in an organization Employees must be able to obtain and analyze the many different levels, formats, and granularities of organizational information to make decisions Successfully collecting, compiling, sorting, and analyzing information can provide tremendous insight into how an organization is performing
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XP Databases Database – Collection of related data that can be stored in a central location or in multiple locations – Usually a group of files File – Group of related records – All files are integrated Record – Group of related fields
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XP Databases
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XP Data-Driven Web Sites Data-driven Web site – Interface to a database – Retrieves data and allows users to enter data Improves access to information Useful for: – E-commerce sites that need frequent updates – News sites that need regular updating of content – Forums and discussion groups – Subscription services, such as newsletters
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XP Data-Driven Websites
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XP Data-Driven Business Intelligence
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XP BI in Action: Law Enforcement Business intelligence (BI) – Used in law enforcement as well as in the business world – www.crimemapping.com www.crimemapping.com Richmond, Virginia – System generates BI reports that help pinpoint crime patterns – Allocate manpower to days and locations where crime likely to occur
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XP DATA WAREHOUSE Data warehouse – a logical collection of information – gathered from many different operational databases – that supports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks The primary purpose of a data warehouse is to aggregate information throughout an organization into a single repository for decision-making purposes
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XP Data Warehouse Data warehouse supports different types of analysis – Generates reports for decision making Online analytical processing (OLAP) – Generates business intelligence – Uses multiple sources of information and provides multidimensional analysis – Hypercube – Drill down and drill up
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XP Multidimensional Analysis Cube – common term for the representation of multidimensional information
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XP The Value of Quality Information Business decisions are only as good as the quality of the information used to make the decisions You never want to find yourself using technology to help you make a bad decision faster
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XP Information Cleansing or Scrubbing Accurate and complete information
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XP Data Mining and Business Intelligence Data mining – the process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone Data-mining analysis – Discover patterns and relationships Cross-reference segments of an organization’s operations for comparison purposes Analyze large amounts of historical data quickly To perform data mining users need data-mining tools – Data-mining tools helps users uncover BI
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XP Data-mining Data-mining analysis – Discover patterns and relationships Reports – Cross-reference segments of an organization’s operations for comparison purposes – Find patterns and trends that can’t be found with databases – Analyze large amounts of historical data quickly
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XP Relational Database Management Systems A database management system (DBMS) is a software program that lets you create databases and then manipulate data in them In a relational database management system, data is organized as a collection of tables New Perspectives on Microsoft Access 201015
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XP Data Manipulation Add, delete, modify, and retrieve records from a database Query language – Structured Query Language (SQL) Standard fourth-generation query language used by many DBMS packages SELECT statement – Query by example (QBE) Construct statement of query forms Graphical interface
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XP Organizing Data Your first step in organizing data is to identify the individual fields – The specific value, or content, of a field is called the field value – A set of field values is called a record Next, you group related fields together into tables New Perspectives on Microsoft Access 201017
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XP Exhibit 3.1 Data Hierarchy
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XP Databases and Relationships A collection of related tables is called a database, or a relational database You connect the records in the separate tables through a common field A primary key is a field, or a collection of fields, whose values uniquely identify each record in a table When you include the primary key from one table as a field in a second table to form a relationship between the two tables, it is called a foreign key in the second table New Perspectives on Microsoft Access 201019
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XP Databases and Relationships New Perspectives on Microsoft Access 201020
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XP Viewing Objects in the Navigation Pane New Perspectives on Microsoft Access 201021
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XP Entering Records New Perspectives on Microsoft Access 201022
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XP Creating a Simple Query A query is a question you ask about the data stored in a database The Simple Query Wizard allows you to select records and fields quickly New Perspectives on Microsoft Access 201023
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XP Creating a Simple Form A form is an object you use to enter, edit, and view records in a database You can design your own forms, use the Form Wizard, or use the Form tool to create a simple form quickly and easily New Perspectives on Microsoft Access 201024
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XP Creating a Simple Form New Perspectives on Microsoft Access 201025
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XP Creating a Simple Report A report is a formatted printout (or screen display) of the contents of one or more tables in a database The Report tool places all the fields from a selected table or query New Perspectives on Microsoft Access 201026
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XP Creating a Simple Report New Perspectives on Microsoft Access 201027
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XP Compacting and Repairing a Database Compacting a database rearranges the data and objects in a database to decrease its file size New Perspectives on Microsoft Access 201028
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XP Backing Up and Restoring a Database Backing up a database is the process of making a copy of the database file to protect your database against loss or damage The Back Up Database command enables you to back up your database file from within the Access program, while you are working on your database New Perspectives on Microsoft Access 201029
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