1. Renewable Energy IN CHINA Ni Weidou 2004.5

2. The Forecast of Energy Demand and the Transformation of Energy Structure(1998-2050) Coal Oil Nature Gas Nuclear Power New and Renewable Energy year Mtce

3. China is rich in wind energy resource, according to the data collected from more than 900 meteorological stations, it is estimated that nationwide total wind potential on land at 10m height would be 3.2TW, among them 253GW considered technical available to be utilized, in addition, 750GW were estimated for offshore, thus 1TW in total. Consider the modern wind turbine hub height is more than 50m, the above estimation maybe doubled. The areas with abundant wind energy resource mainly in northern China, southeast coastal line and vicinity islands.

4. Existent wind farms Projected wind farms Location of Existent and Some Projected Wind Farms in China

5. Above 200W/m 2 (High) 150~200W/m 2 100~150W/m 2 50~100W/m 2 Below 50W/m 2 (Low) The Wind Energy Resource in China

6. 1. Wind Utilization By the end of 2003: Total installed capacity: 567MW Total turbines (>30kW): 1042 Total wind farms: 40 in 14 provinces Largest unit capacity: 1500kW Average unit capacity in 2003: 748kW

7. 1. Wind Utilization

11. Wind Farm in Dabancheng, Xinjiang

12. 2. Wind Manufacturing ManufacturerProducts% of Total Capacity % of Domestic Made Capacity Goldwind600kW 750kW 8.8%57.6% Xian-Nordex600kW3.7%24.1% Zhejiang Windy250kW 750kW 1.1%7.1% Wandian660kW2.8%6.1% Yituo-Made660kW0.9%6.1% Major Wind Turbine Manufacturers

13. 2. Wind Manufacturing

14. 3. Wind Planning & Policy Estimates of Wind Power Development

15. 3. Wind Planning & Policy 2001-2005: Wind survey for 4000MW capacity Wind assessment on offshore shallow sea areas By 2005 : 1000MW 2006-2010: 3000MW A demostration offshore wind farm

16. 3. Wind Planning & Policy Wind Power Concessions Projects Aim: Lowering wind cost Size: 100MW Procedure: tending Projects: 2003:Huilai in Guangdong Rudong in Jiangsu 2004:Second phase of Rudong in Jiangsu Tongyu in Jilin Huitengxile in Inner Mongolia

17. year MW The Planned Capacity of Wind Power in China

18. 3. Wind Planning & Policy Current Incentive Policies Approval procedure: 50MW by provincial NDRC VAT: 17% to 8.5% Income tax: 33% to 15% Loan: payback period from 7 years to 15 years

19. Outline of Wind Power Project Detailed wind power resource out their distribution in China, onshore and offshore Present situation of wind power in China Utilization (off gird and grid connected) Manufacture capability Market share of domestic and foreign companies

20. Outline of Wind Power Project Future of wind power in China Roadmap of development Market forecast Barriers of development New technology trends Key problems and issues of development

21. Outline of Wind Power Project Legistration and policy requirements Tax Renewable Portfolio Standard Concession Approach of wind power Preferential policies for wind power in Denmark, Germany, India, USA, UK … and other countries Relationship between wind power and electricity sector reform

22. Outline of Wind Power Project Concession Approach of wind approach Content of Concession Approach Opportunity of foreign companies Cooperation modes Case study of wind power concession For already approved project For projects in planning stage

23. Biomass 1. Straw and stock resources are about 700 mil. tons, equivalent to 300 mil. tce Feature: highly scattered, very difficult for collection; the radius of economically feasible collection area is less than 5 km Several ways of utilization Gasification  for cooking and power generation, problems: tar blockage, high CO content Gasification  methanol, DME, small scale, relative low efficiency, economically is not feasible Rapid pyrolysis – raw fuel liquid, scale, shortage of skilled operators

24. Biomass (contd)  For making solid particles Large consumption of energy for forming New method of forming, about 30 kWh per ton (heating value about 60% of ce) Onsite production and onsite utilization as alternative to coal (especially designed portable machine and stoves) 2. Biofuel Great development of biofuel industry over the last ten plus years, production capacity of EU more than 1 mil. tons in 2001 Recently, R&D on biofuel has been undertaken in many domestic universities and institutes. In 2001, a production base of 10,000 tons annual yield was built in Wu ’ an city, Hebei Province

25. Biomass (contd) Advantages of biofuel  Ease the pressure of oil import In the near term, use depleted edible oil and oil- containing biomass as feedstock In the medium term, use farm and forest crops in scaled plantation  Lower the emission of vehicle exhaust, also particles and smoke intensity  Synergetic utilization of resources  Favor the adjustment of agriculture structure, increase the income of peasants

26. Solar energy Evolution of Photovoltaic (PV) Cell First generation PV cell – Silicon Crystal PV, about 90% of international market, very costly – domestic 30~35 RMB/Wp Second generation PV cell – Thin Film PV (TFPV), in the transition stage from R&D to scaled production.  The most promising are cadmium telluride TFPV and Cadmium-Indium-Selenium TFPV, which are also the key topic of national “ 863 ” project  In 2003, cadmium telluride multi-crystal TFPV, developed by Sichuan University, achieved the conversion efficiency of 13.38%. Dye-sensitized TiO 2 TFPV reached 7% efficiency.

27. Thank you!!!