2. Jeff Kabachinski October 31 st, 2003 CESO 2003 IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomedical Professional

3. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Today’s Agenda  Strategies for keeping up with the pace of IT growth  Technology growth in the Communications Age  Strategy – Build your own KMS or knowledge foundation by assembling knowledge bits  Strategy – create a reference library that makes sense to you  Strategy – create your own acronyms

4. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Today’s Agenda  Technology growth & the effect on the psyche  Strategy – Build your own KMS or knowledge foundation by assembling knowledge bits  Today’s Knowledge Bits Accelerated Learning – Networking Overview including: Repeaters, Bridges & Routers – the difference between distance vector routing and link state routing  Strategy – create a reference library that makes sense to you  An Excellent Start: Newton’s Telecomm Dictionary  Strategy – create your own acronyms  Create a few and share some best practices

5. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Technology Growth It took us 6000 years of history to move from the Agricultural to the Industrial Age. From 1815 to 1950 most workers were industrial workers Beginning ~ 1960 – we were in the Service Age where there were more working in Services than in manufacturing. By the late 1970’s - we were in the Information Age

6. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Technology Growth An now we’re in the Communication Age – where there are more workers employed in media, news, magazines, books, computers and computer networks (including the Internet) and education than anything else From Brute Force to Brain Force

7. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Technology Growth Moore’s law – information processing doubles every 18 months and halves in cost @ the same time. The observation made in 1965 by Gordon Moore, co-founder of Intel, that the number of transistors per square inch on integrated circuits had doubled every year since the integrated circuit was invented. Moore predicted that this trend would continue for the foreseeable future. In subsequent years, the pace slowed down a bit, but data density has doubled approximately every 18 months, and this is the current definition of Moore's Law, which Moore himself has blessed. Most experts, including Moore himself, expect Moore's Law to hold for at least another two decades

8. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 ProcessorYear IntroducedTransistors 400419712,250 800819722,500 808019745,000 8086197829,000 2861982120,000 386™ processor1985275,000 486™ DX processor19891,180,000 Pentium® processor19933,100,000 Pentium II processor19977,500,000 Pentium III processor199924,000,000 Pentium 4 processor200042,000,000

9. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003

10. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Technology Growth Rate of Complexity Time Technology Growth Cognitive Ability Jeff’s Cognitive Ability

11. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Technology Growth For Example Today’s Lexus:  has more computing circuits that the Apollo 13 did  which was the most advanced of its time – 35 years ago (1968).  There’s more cost in electronics than in steel.

12. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Technology Growth For Example If the auto industry had kept pace with Moore’s Law, today’s Lexus:  Would cost $2  Would get 700mpg  It’s top speed would be ~ 500mph

13. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Knowledge is doubling every 2 to 3 years (1996) Knowledge will double every year by 2000 Reading The highest paid read 2 to 3 hours a day Lowest paid – 0 80% don’t read at all 70% haven’t been in a bookstore 58% don’t read another book after high school 42% don’t read another book after college

14. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 “Luck plus preparation equals opportunity” Vince Lombardi “I will study and prepare myself and someday my chance will come ” Abraham Lincoln “Ignorance is no obstacle to advancement ” Abraham Lincoln Adding up the Knowledge Bits for Pattern Recognition Microsoft in 1978

15. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Repeater Basics Common Repeater

16. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Ethernet IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD Flow Chart Truncated Binary Exponential Back-off 51.2µS increments 0 < r < 2 k k = the # of transmit attempts r = a random number that gets x 51.2µS Jammer signal = 4 bytes of all 1’s or 3.2µS of a carrier

17. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Repeater Basics Multi-Port Repeater

18. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Repeater Basics Multi-Port Repeater

19. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Repeater Basics Hub

20. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Bridge Basics Common Bridge Bridge 50 Node 1 T 3 T 4 T 6 T 2 T 5 T A B

21. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Ethernet Data Packet Architecture

22. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Bridge Basics Multi-Port Bridge

23. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Bridge Basics Multi-Port Bridge

24. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Bridge Basics Switch

25. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Ethernet Data Packet Architecture

26. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 TCP/IP Protocol IP Data Packet Architecture Ethernet packet IP packet

27. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Router 1 Router 2 Router 3 Router 4 B E C D A Distance Vector RoutingRouting Basics - RIP Routing Information Protocol

28. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Router 1 Router 2 Router 3 Router 4 B E C D A Routing Basics - RIP

29. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Router 1 Router 2 Router 3 Router 4 B E C D A Routing Basics - RIP Router 2 Table Net ID Router Connection Hop Count CRouter 2 3 D 2 E 1

30. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Router 1 Router 2 Router 3 Router 4 B E C D A Routing Basics - RIP

31. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Routing Basics - RIP Router 1 Router 2 Router 3 Router 4 B E C D A

32. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Router 1Router 2Router 3 BCDA 1 23 4 (Alt) Routing Basics - RIP

33. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Router 1Router 2Router 3 BCDA 23 4 Routing Basics - RIP

34. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Router 1Router 2Router 3 BCDA 23 4 Routing Basics - RIP 5

35. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Router 1Router 2Router 3 BCDA 23 45 6 Routing Basics - RIP

36. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Router 1Router 2Router 3 BCDA 23 45 6 Routing Basics - RIP 8 7

37. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Router 1Router 2Router 3 BCDA Stop the Madness ! Routing Basics - RIP

38. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Link State Routing Router 1 Router 2 Router 3 Router 4 B cost = 6 E cost = 4 C cost = 2 D cost = 3 A cost = 2 Routing Basics - OSPF Open Shortest Path First

39. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Router 1 Router 2 Router 3 Router 4 B cost = 6 E cost = 4 C cost = 2 D cost = 3 A cost = 2 Routing Basics - OSPF Router 1 Table Net ID Router Connection Cost A Router 1 2 B 6 C 2

40. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Router 1 Router 2 Router 3 Router 4 B cost = 6 E cost = 4 C cost = 2 D cost = 3 A cost = 2 Routing Basics - OSPF Router 2 Table Net ID Router Connection Cost C Router 4 9 D 7 E Router 24

41. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Router 1 Router 2 Router 3 Router 4 B cost = 6 E cost = 4 C cost = 2 D cost = 3 A cost = 2 Routing Basics - OSPF Router 1 Table Net ID Router Connection Cost A Router 1 2 B 6 C 2 E Router 2 4+6=10 D Router 2 7+6=13 C (Alt.) Router 2 9+6=15

42. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Routing Basics - OSPF Router 1 Table Net ID Router Connection Cost A Router 1 2 C 2 C (Alt) Router 2 15 D Router 3 3+2=5 D (Alt) Router 2 13 E Router 2 10 E (Alt) Router 3 7+2=9 B Router 1 9 B (Alt) Router 3 13+2=15 Router 1 Router 2 Router 3 Router 4 B cost = 6 E cost = 4 C cost = 2 D cost = 3 A cost = 2

43. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 IP Addressing Scheme The Big Idea: Routers use the Net ID to determine which network the device is on. The Node ID is the specific node location or address on that network. In a Class A IP address, the first byte is used as the Network ID and the last 3 bytes are the node ID: 1st byte2nd byte3rd byte4th byte Net IDNode IDNode IDNode ID 0 - 127 X X X

44. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 IP Addressing Scheme The Big Idea: Routers use the Net ID to determine which network the device is on. The Node ID is the specific node location or address on that network. In a Class B IP address, the first 2 bytes are used as the Network ID and the last 2 bytes are the node ID: 1st byte2nd byte3rd byte4th byte Net IDNet IDNode IDNode ID 128 - 191 0 – 255 X X

45. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 IP Addressing Scheme The Big Idea: Routers use the Net ID to determine which network the device is on. The Node ID is the specific node location or address on that network. In a Class C IP address, the first 3 bytes are used as the Network ID and the last byte are the node ID: 1st byte2nd byte3rd byte4th byte Net IDNet IDNet IDNode ID 192 - 223 0 – 255 0 – 255 X

46. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 IP Addressing Scheme Router 1 Router 2 Router 3 Router 4 151.186.0.0 193.231.12.0 112.0.0.0 134.91.0.0 220.8.62.0

47. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Routing Basics - RIP Router 1 Router 2 Router 3 Router 4 151.186.0.0 193.231.12.0 112.0.0.0 134.91.0.0 220.8.62.0

48. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 TCP/IP Protocol IP Data Packet Architecture Ethernet packet IP packet

49. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 TCP/IP Protocol Data Packet Architecture Ethernet packet IP packet TCP packet

50. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 TCP/IP Protocol Data Packet Architecture Ethernet packet IP packet UDP packet

51. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 OSI Model Basics The Layers LayerName Keywords 7Application Semantics 6Presentation Syntax 5Session Dialog Coordination 4Transport Reliable Data Transfer 3Network Routing and Relaying 2Data Link Technology-Specific Transfer 1Physical Physical Connections

52. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 OSI Reference Model Physical Data Link Network Transport Session Presentation Application Logical Link Control Media Access Control Logical Link Control Media Access Control Medium for transfer of signal Method for getting data on & off the media Identifying your location on the Network Transfer of data Defining the data format Defining the connection Defining the app socket

53. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 OSI Reference Model Physical Data Link Network Transport Session Presentation Application Medium for transfer of signal Method for getting data on & off the media Identifying your location on the Network Transfer of data Defining the data format Defining the connection Defining the app socket Wires Ethernet IP TCP/UDP NOS

54. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 OSI Reference Model Physical Data Link Network Transport Session Presentation Application Medium for transfer of signal Method for getting data on & off the media Identifying your location on the Network Transfer of data Defining the data format Defining the connection Defining the app socket Repeaters Bridges Routers

55. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 OSI Reference Model Physical Data Link Network Transport Session Presentation Application Medium for transfer of signal Method for getting data on & off the media Identifying your location on the Network Transfer of data Defining the data format Defining the connection Defining the app socket Gateways

56. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Knowledge Bits like these can help with your pattern recognition and build a foundation of network savvy The JIT Genius Plan 1.Work on the foundation 2.Build a reference library 3.Create your own acronyms A strategy to keep pace - The JIT Genius Plan

57. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 The JIT Genius Plan 1. 2.Build a reference library Newton's Telecom Dictionary is a great reference for telecom, data communications, networking, computing, and the Internet. With over 21,000 definitions it weighs in at over four times larger than any other telecom and IT dictionary, and includes wireless, broadband, intranet, e-commerce, and IT terms. Newton explains technical concepts in non-technical language. This has made the book an essential reference tool to anyone managing network and telecom systems and services. A strategy to keep pace - The JIT Genius Plan

58. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Says Harry, "I wrote this book for those of us new (and old) to the world's most exciting industry. That's what my publishers would have me say. But, I really wrote the book for myself. I simply want to keep up. Defining a term is the best way I know of understanding it. The good news is I'm not an engineer; I can't write incomprehensible technical explanations. I can write explanations business people (like me) will understand. Some of my definitions are short. Some are long. Many are mini-tutorials. My definitions of a term explain how it's used, its benefits, its pluses, and its minuses.” A strategy to keep pace - The JIT Genius Plan

59. IT Baseline Knowledge for the Biomed CESO 2003 Knowledge Bits like these can help with your pattern recognition and build a foundation of network savvy The JIT Genius Plan 1.Work on the foundation 2.Build a reference library 3.Create your own acronyms A strategy to keep pace - The JIT Genius Plan It doesn’t mean that you’ll end up looking like Bill Gates Enjoy This Year’s Conference!